A polymer electrolyte can be formed from (e.g., by polymerizing) a mixture that includes oligomer(s), additive(s), solvent(s), salt(s), and/or any suitable components. The polymer electrolyte can further or alternatively include monomer(s) (e.g., a stiffening monomer that in solution or incorporated into a cured polymer modifies a mechanical property such as flexural modulus of the battery cell; adhesion monomers such as a monomer that interacts with one or more surface within a battery to modify or improve adhesion of the electrolyte and the surface; etc.).

Disclosed herein are methods and apparatus for producing nanometer scale particles for electrochemical materials utilizing an electrosterically stabilized slurry in a media mill. The method includes adding to a media mill a feed substrate suspension including a liquid carrier medium and electrochemical feed substrate particles. The method further includes adding to the feed substrate suspension in the media mill an electrosteric dispersant that includes a polyelectrolyte. Still further, the method includes operating the media mill for a period of time to comminute the feed substrate particles, thereby forming nanometer scale particles having a (D.sub.90) particle size of less than about one micron, and recirculating for further grinding the nanometer scale particles from the media mill.

This disclosure relates to a rechargeable battery cell comprising an active metal, at least one positive electrode, at least one negative electrode, a housing and an electrolyte, the positive electrode comprising at least one polyanionic compound as an active material and the electrolyte being based on SO.sub.2 and comprising at least one first conducting salt which has the formula (I), ##STR00001##
M being a metal selected from the group formed by alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, metals of group 12 of the periodic table of the elements, and aluminum; x being an integer from 1 to 3; the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 being selected independently of one another from the group formed by C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkynyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.14 aryl and C.sub.5-C.sub.14 heteroaryl; and Z being aluminum or boron.

Provided is a cathode that is configured to decrease battery resistance when it is used in an all-solid-state battery, and a method for producing the cathode. Disclosed is a cathode comprising a cathode layer for all-solid-state batteries, wherein the cathode layer contains cathode active material particles and solid electrolyte particles; wherein at least one of the cathode active material particles and the solid electrolyte particles contain a phosphorus element; and wherein, in a photoelectron spectrum by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement of the cathode layer, a P peak intensity ratio (A/B), which is derived from the phosphorus element, of a signal intensity A at a binding energy of 131.6 eV to a signal intensity B at a binding energy of 133.1 eV, is larger than 0.58.

Provided is a cathode that is configured to decrease battery resistance when it is used in an all-solid-state battery, and a method for producing the cathode. Disclosed is a cathode comprising a cathode layer for all-solid-state batteries, wherein the cathode layer contains cathode active material particles and solid electrolyte particles; wherein at least one of the cathode active material particles and the solid electrolyte particles contain a phosphorus element; and wherein, in a photoelectron spectrum by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement of the cathode layer, a P peak intensity ratio (A/B), which is derived from the phosphorus element, of a signal intensity A at a binding energy of 131.6 eV to a signal intensity B at a binding energy of 133.1 eV, is larger than 0.58.

A positive electrode plate includes a composite current collector, a functional coating, and a positive electrode active material layer, where the functional coating is disposed on at least one surface of the composite current collector, and is located between the composite current collector and the positive electrode active material layer; and the functional coating comprises a positive electrode active material, and a D50 particle size of the positive electrode active material is less than or equal to 5 m. This can reduce the stress applied to the composite current collector during a cold pressing process without losing energy density. In addition, this also can mitigate misalignment of a metal layer and a polymer film due to inconsistent stretching extents, and alleviate problems such as cracking of the metal layer of the composite current collector and the metal layer tending to fall off from the polymer film.

Provided is an intermediate product of a solid electrolyte. The intermediate product of a solid electrolyte may comprise: a compound in which a cation including thiophenium or thiazolium and an anion including fluorohydrogenate are bound, and a solvent in which the compound is mixed.

A polymer electrolyte can be formed from (e.g., by polymerizing) a mixture that includes oligomer(s), additive(s), solvent(s), salt(s), and/or any suitable components. The polymer electrolyte can further or alternatively include monomer(s) (e.g., a stiffening monomer that in solution or incorporated into a cured polymer modifies a mechanical property such as flexural modulus of the battery cell; adhesion monomers such as a monomer that interacts with one or more surface within a battery to modify or improve adhesion of the electrolyte and the surface; etc.).

Composite anode layers, anodes, all-solid state batteries, and their manufacturing methods are disclosed. In an embodiment, a composite anode layer includes an anode active material and a sulfide-based solid electrolyte. The anode active material includes a core-shell structured anode active material including a core that includes silicon and a shell disposed on a surface of the core. The shell includes a lithium-containing compound, and the lithium-containing compound comprises at least one of phosphorus and boron. This configuration can improve the structural stability and lithium ion conductivity of an anode active material using a silicon-based anode material.

The present disclosure relates to a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, and more particularly, to a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery having excellent electrical conductivity and energy density, and to a positive electrode and a secondary battery comprising the same.