A rechargeable lithium battery includes an electrode laminate including a positive electrode including a positive current collector and a positive active material layer disposed on the positive current collector; a negative electrode including a negative current collector, a negative active material layer disposed on the negative current collector, and a negative electrode functional layer disposed on the negative active material layer; and a separator, wherein the electrode laminate has a ratio (L/W) of a height (L), which is a length in a protruding direction of an electrode terminal, relative to a width (W), which is perpendicular to the protruding direction of the electrode terminal and parallel to the laminate surface, is about 1.1 to about 2.3, the positive active material layer includes a first positive active material including at least one of a composite oxide of a metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and a combination thereof and lithium and a second positive active material including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, the negative electrode functional layer includes flake-shaped polyethylene particles, and an operation voltage is greater than or equal to about 4.3 V.
Li.sub.aFe.sub.1-x1M.sub.x1PO.sub.4  [Chemical Formula 1] In Chemical Formula 1, 0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤x1≤0.7, and M is Mn, Co, Ni, or a combination thereof.

A rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive electrode including a positive current collector and a positive active material layer disposed on the positive current collector; and a negative electrode including a negative current collector, a negative active material layer disposed on the negative current collector, and a negative electrode functional layer disposed on the negative active material layer, wherein the positive active material layer includes a first positive active material including at least one of a composite oxide of metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and a combination thereof and lithium and a second positive active material including at least one of compounds represented by Chemical Formula 1 to Chemical Formula 4, and the negative electrode functional layer includes flake-shaped polyethylene particles and
Li.sub.x2Mn.sub.1-y2M′.sub.y2A.sub.2  [Chemical Formula 1]
Li.sub.x2Mn.sub.1-y2M′.sub.yO.sub.2-z2X.sub.z2  [Chemical Formula 2]
Li.sub.x2Mn.sub.2O.sub.4-z2X.sub.z2  [Chemical Formula 3]
Li.sub.x2Mn.sub.2-y2M′.sub.y2M″.sub.z2A.sub.4  [Chemical Formula 4] wherein, 0.9≤x2≤1.1, 0≤y2≤0.5, 0≤z2≤0.5, M′ and M″ are the same or different and are selected from Mg, Al, Co, K, Na, Ca, Si, Ti, Sn, V, Ge, Ga, B, As, Zr, Mn, Cr, Fe, Sr, V, and a rare earth element, and wherein A is selected from O, F, S, and P and X is selected from F, S, and P.

A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes: a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material made of a compound represented by a compositional formula of LiMn.sub.1-x-yFe.sub.xA.sub.yPO.sub.4 (wherein A is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Al, Ti, Zn and Zr, 0≤x≤0.3, and 0≤y≤0.1); a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material made from a titanium composite oxide; and a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein a ratio (I.sub.P—F/I.sub.P—O) of a peak intensity (I.sub.P—F) of a P—F bond to a peak intensity (I.sub.P—O) of a P—O bond on the surface of the positive electrode, which are measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis, is 0.4 or more and 0.8 or less.

In general, the present disclosure is directed to methods for synthesizing vanadium oxide nanobelts, as well as the corresponding chemical composition of the vanadium oxide nanobelts. Also described are materials which can incorporate the vanadium oxide nanobelts, such as including the vanadium oxide nanobelts as a cathode material for use in energy storage applications (e.g., batteries). The vanadium oxide nanobelts described herein display structural characteristics that may provide improved diffusion and/or charge transfer between ions. Thus, batteries incorporating implementations of the current disclosure may demonstrate improved properties such as higher capacity retention over charge discharge cycling.

A solid state high voltage battery includes a cathode; an anode; a catholyte solution in contact with the cathode; an anolyte solution in contact with the anode, and a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode. At least one of the catholyte or the anolyte is gelled, and at least one of the catholyte or the anolyte comprises an organic electrolyte, an ionic liquid electrolyte, or water in salt electrolyte.

Disclosed are a positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method of preparing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same.

The positive active material includes a first positive active material in a form of secondary particles including a plurality of primary particles that are aggregated together, and a second positive active material having a single crystal form, wherein both of the first positive active material and the second positive active material are nickel-based positive active materials, each of the first positive active material and the second positive active material is coated with cobalt, and a maximum roughness of a surface of the second positive active material is greater than or equal to about 15 nm.

A lithium-ion secondary battery including positive and negative electrodes, a separator element, an electrical conductor element and a binder, wherein the positive electrode includes a lithium-containing metal phosphate compound coated with a carbon material having at least one phase selected from a graphene phase and an amorphous phase, and further includes carbon black and a fibrous carbon material and wherein the negative-electrode material includes a graphite carbon material having at least one carbon phase selected from a graphene phase and an amorphous phase, and further includes carbon black and a fibrous carbon material, and wherein the binder includes a water-soluble synthetic resin or a water-dispersible synthetic resin. The most preferred positive electrode includes LiFePO.sub.4, The most preferred negative electrode includes artificial graphite or graphitazable powder. The most preferred binder is carboxyl methyl cellulose further including a surface active agent. A method of making the lithium-ion secondary battery.

The present invention provides a novel positive electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery having a high voltage and a high capacity. The positive electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery contains, in terms of % by mole of oxide, 8 to 55% Na.sub.2O, 10 to 70% CoO, 0 to 60% CrO+FeO+MnO+NiO, and 15 to 70% P.sub.2O.sub.5+SiO.sub.2+B.sub.2O.sub.3 and also contains an amorphous phase.

A rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive electrode having a positive current collector and a positive active material layer at least partially disposed on the positive current collector, wherein the positive active material layer includes a first positive active material having at least one of a composite oxide of a metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and a combination thereof and lithium, and a second positive active material having a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 as defined herein, and a negative electrode having a negative current collector, a negative active material layer at least partially disposed on the negative current collector, and a negative electrode functional layer having generally flake-shaped polyethylene particles at least partially disposed on the negative active material layer.

The present application provides a silicon-oxygen composite negative electrode material and a preparation method therefor, and a lithium ion battery. The silicon-oxygen composite negative electrode material has a core-shell structure, the core comprises nano-silicon and a silicon oxide SiO.sub.x, and the shell comprises Li.sub.2SiO.sub.3. The preparation method comprises: mixing a silicon source and a lithium source, and performing heat treatment in a non-oxygen atmosphere to obtain a composite material containing Li.sub.2SiO.sub.3; and immersing the composite material containing Li.sub.2SiO.sub.3 in an acid solution to obtain the silicon-oxygen composite negative electrode material. The nano-silicon in the negative electrode material provided by the present application is wrapped by SiO.sub.x, and the surface of SiO.sub.x is further wrapped with the Li.sub.2SiO.sub.3 having a stable structure, making it difficult for the nano-silicon to come into physical contact with substances other than the SiO.sub.x and impossible to come into direct contact with water, thereby effectively inhibiting gas production of a battery.