The purpose of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a lithium ion secondary battery which has improved cycle characteristics and the negative electrode of which comprises a silicon oxide. The present invention relates to a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a silicon oxide and an electrolyte solution comprising a fluorinated acid anhydride.

A method for forming an electroactive device may include (i) depositing a curable material onto a primary electrode, (ii) curing the deposited curable material to form an electroactive polymer element comprising a cured elastomer material, and (iii) depositing an electrically conductive material onto a surface of the electroactive polymer element opposite the primary electrode to form a secondary electrode. The cured elastomer material may have a Poisson's ratio of between approximately 0.1 and approximately 0.35. Various other devices, methods, and systems are also disclosed.

An electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate containing a positive active material and a negative electrode plate. The positive electrode plate includes a positive bend portion and a positive flat straight portion connected to the positive bend portion. At least a part of the positive active material of the positive bend portion includes a polymer coating layer capable of obstructing migration of active ions. A ratio of an ionic conductivity λ.sub.1 of the first bend portion to an ionic conductivity λ.sub.2 of the positive flat straight portion satisfies 0 ≤ λ.sub.1/λ.sub.2 < 1.

The present application relates to the field of battery, in particular to a positive electrode piece, an electrochemical device and an apparatus. The positive electrode piece of the present application includes a current collector and an electrode active material layer arranged on at least one surface of the current collector, where the current collector includes a support layer and a conductive layer arranged on at least one surface of the support layer. The thickness D2 of one side of the conductive layer D2 satisfies 30 nm≤D2≤3 μm, the material of the conductive layer is aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the density of the conductive layer is 2.5 g/cm.sup.3 to 2.8 g/cm.sup.3, and a primer layer containing a conductive material and a binder is also arranged between the current collector and the electrode active material layer.

A dual porosity cathode for a lithium-air battery made from porous nanographene sponge molded to form a multitude of pores embedded in a polymer layer. The first level of porosity is the interior surface area of the molded pores. The second level of porosity is the interior surface area within the micropores within the porous nanographene sponge material. The dual porosity cathode is useful for a lithium-air battery because of the greatly increased cathode surface area created by the micropores and the very small localized quantities of LiO.sub.2 that form in the micropores from the reaction between Li.sup.+ and oxygen.

A nanoparticle and a method for fabricating the nanoparticle utilize a decomposable material yoke located within permeable organic polymer material shell and separated from the permeable organic polymer material shell by a void space. When the decomposable material yoke comprises a sulfur material and the permeable organic polymer material shell comprises a material permeable to both a sulfur material vapor and a lithium ion within a battery electrolyte the nanoparticle may be used within an electrode for a Li/S battery absent the negative effects of battery electrode materials expansion.

The development of a novel battery comprising of high-oxidation-state periodate complex cathode and zinc anode is disclosed. A periodate complex H.sub.7Fe.sub.4(IO.sub.4).sub.3O.sub.8 was prepared by a precipitation reaction between Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3 and NaIO.sub.4, and was used in battery development for the first time. NaMnIO.sub.6 double periodate salts were also synthesized from MnSO.sub.4 and NaIO.sub.4 using the same techniques. The H.sub.7Fe.sub.4(IO.sub.4).sub.3O.sub.8 alone showed specific capacity of 300 mAh g.sup.−1; while NaMnIO.sub.6 showed specific capacity as high as 750 mAh g.sup.−1. Compared to single-electron processes in conventional cathode reactions, the possibility to significantly enhance cathode specific capacity via a multi-electron process associated with valence change from I(VII) to I.sub.2 is demonstrated. Novel 3D-printed reserve battery casing designs comprising replaceable electrodes also disclosed. Batteries featuring an ion-exchange membrane dual-electrolyte design are disclosed. Periodate based dry cell batteries utilizing polymer electrolytes are also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to the manufacture and use of redox electrodes and their use in cell lysis. In certain embodiments, the redox electrodes are manufactured using a hybrid material approach, such as using a redox polymer in combination with a support substrate, such as cellulose fibers or paper. In certain implementations, the redox electrodes are suitable for use at voltages greater than 25 Volts.

An electrode including an electrode active material and a ceramic hydrofluoric acid (HF) scavenger is provided. The ceramic hydrofluoric acid (HF) scavenger includes M.sub.2SiO.sub.3, MAlO.sub.2, M.sub.2O—Al.sub.2O.sub.3—SiO.sub.2, or combinations thereof, where M is lithium (Li), sodium (Na), or combinations thereof. Methods of making the electrode are also provided.

A dual porosity cathode for a lithium-air battery made from porous nanographene sponge molded to form a multitude of pores embedded in a polymer layer. The first level of porosity is the interior surface area of the molded pores. The second level of porosity is the interior surface area within the micropores within the porous nanographene sponge material. The dual porosity cathode is useful for a lithium-air battery because of the greatly increased cathode surface area created by the micropores and the very small localized quantities of LiO.sub.2 that form in the micropores from the reaction between Li.sup.+ and oxygen.