The invention relates to a method for producing an electrochemical cell comprising at least one porous electrode (2′), the method comprising at least the following method steps: (a) providing an electrode composition in the form of a homogeneous mixture comprising (i) at least one particulate active material (3); (ii) at least one particulate binder (5); (iii) at least one particulate pore-forming agent (4); and (iv) optionally at least one conducting additive (6); (b) forming a mouldable mass from the electrode composition; (c) applying the electrode composition to at least one surface of a substrate (1) to obtain a compact electrode (2); (d) producing an electrochemical cell comprising at least one compact electrode (2) which comprises the electrode composition according to method step (a); and (e) heating the at least one compact electrode (2) to liquefy the at least one particulate pore-forming agent (4); and/or (f) bringing the compact electrode (2) into contact with at least one liquid electrolyte composition or at least one liquid constituent of an electrolyte composition for an electrochemical cell which is capable of at least partially dissolving the at least one particulate pore-forming agent (4) to obtain a porous electrode (2), wherein method steps (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) are carried out substantially without solvents.

Provided is a binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode with which it is possible to form an electrode having excellent electrolyte solution injectability and process adhesiveness. The binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode contains a particulate polymer formed by a polymer that includes a block region composed of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit and has a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble content of not less than 5 mass % and not more than 40 mass %. The binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode preferably further contains a water-soluble polymer that includes a hydrophilic group and has a weight-average molecular weight of not less than 15,000 and not more than 500,000.

In an embodiment, a Li-ion battery cell comprises an anode electrode with an electrode coating that (1) comprises Si-comprising active material particles, (2) exhibits an areal capacity loading in the range of about 3 mAh/cm.sup.2 to about 12 mAh/cm.sup.2, (3) exhibits a volumetric capacity in the range from about 600 mAh/cc to about 1800 mAh/cc in a charged state of the cell, (4) comprises conductive additive material particles, and (5) comprises a polymer binder that is configured to bind the Si-comprising active material particles and the conductive additive material particles together to stabilize the anode electrode against volume expansion during the one or more charge-discharge cycles of the battery cell while maintaining the electrical connection between the metal current collector and the Si-comprising active material particles.

A negative electrode slurry and a method of preparing the same. The negative electrode slurry includes lithium titanium oxide (LTO), a carboxylic acid-containing polymer dispersant, a binder, and an aqueous solvent. The carboxylic acid-containing polymer dispersant has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 2,500 g/mol to 500,000 g/mol and is present in an amount of 1.5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the lithium titanium oxide.

A zinc ion battery includes a cathode; an anode; a separator; and an electrolyte sandwiched between the cathode and the anode. The electrolyte includes a mixture of zinc perchlorate and sodium perchlorate, and a ratio of the sodium perchlorate to zinc perchlorate is at least 30.

The present invention provides a binder for a secondary battery that can reduce the initial resistance value of the secondary battery. A binder for a secondary battery comprising a polymer compound, wherein the polymer compound contains repeating units represented by formulae (1), (2), and (3):

##STR00001## in formula (1), R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and M is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom; and in formula (3), R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and when a total ratio of repeating units constituting the polymer compound is taken as 100 mol %, a total ratio of the repeating unit represented by formula (3) is less than 2 mol %.

A binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery contains: a particulate polymer formed of a graft polymer that includes an acidic graft chain and that is obtained through a graft polymerization reaction of an acidic group-containing monomer and/or macromonomer with core particles containing a block copolymer that includes an aromatic vinyl block region formed of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit and an aliphatic conjugated diene block region formed of an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit; and an acidic group-containing water-soluble polymer that has a weight-average molecular weight of 200,000 or less.

An electrode plate includes a current collector, a first active substance layer, a second active substance layer, and an insulation layer. The current collector includes a first surface, the first active substance layer includes a first active substance, and the second active substance layer includes a second active substance. The first active substance layer is sandwiched between the current collector and the second active substance layer and covers a first portion of the first surface, the insulation layer covers a second portion of the first surface, and the first active substance layer and the insulation layer are stacked to form an overlapped portion in a length direction of the electrode plate. The current collector can be covered by a high-resistance layer, thereby improving safety performance of the electrochemical apparatus and the electronic apparatus.

A negative electrode plate includes: a current collector; and a negative electrode framework located on the current collector, where the negative electrode framework includes at least a first negative electrode framework layer and a second negative electrode framework layer, the first negative electrode framework layer is located between the current collector and the second negative electrode framework layer, and a porosity of the first negative electrode framework layer is higher than a porosity of the second negative electrode framework layer. With this design, side reactions between lithium metal and an electrolyte can be reduced, formation of lithium dendrites can be inhibited, and drastic swelling and contraction of the negative electrode plate in volume due to intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions can be greatly alleviated or even eliminated, thereby improving safety and stability of the electrochemical apparatus.

A negative electrode material includes a composite of a silicon-based material (1), a polymer (2), and carbon nanotubes (3), where the polymer (2) contains a first group and a second group, the first group is chemically bonded to the carbon nanotubes (3), and the second group is chemically bonded to the silicon-based material (1). Both the carbon nanotubes (3) and the polymer (2) containing two groups are applied to surfaces of particles of the silicon-based material (1). The two groups of the polymer (2) are chemically bonded to the silicon-based material (1) and the carbon nanotubes (3) respectively, so that bonding force between the silicon-based material (1) and the carbon nanotubes (3) is enhanced and a uniform carbon nanotube (3) coating layer is formed. This can significantly improve conductive performance of the silicon-based material (1), thereby improving cycling performance and rate performance of an electrochemical apparatus.