An electrode for a secondary battery is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an electrode for a secondary battery includes an electrode current collector; and an active material layer disposed on the electrode current collector, wherein the active material layer is prepared by coating an electrode slurry onto the electrode current collector, wherein the electrode slurry is an aqueous solution containing an anode active material, a conductive material, a surfactant and a binder is coated onto the electrode current collector, and wherein the binder comprises a water-soluble polymer.

High energy density and long cycle life all solid-state electrolyte lithium-ion batteries use ceramic-polymer composite anodes which include a polymer matrix with ceramic nanoparticles, silicon-based anode active materials, conducting agents, lithium salts and plasticizer distributed in the matrix. The silicon-based anode active material are anode active particles formed by high energy milling a mixture of silicon, graphite, and metallic and/or non-metallic oxides. A polymer coating is applied to the particles. The networking structure of the electrolyte establishes an effective lithium-ion transport pathway in the electrode and strengthens the contact between the electrode layer and solid-state electrolyte resulting in higher lithium-ion battery cell cycling stability and long battery life.

A lithium electrode and a lithium secondary battery including the same. The lithium electrode has a surface oxide layer with a controlled thickness and surface roughness. The lithium electrode may be used as a negative electrode of a lithium secondary battery, for example, a lithium-sulfur secondary battery. A lithium-sulfur battery including the lithium electrode has an enhanced lifetime due to suppression of side reactions with polysulfide.

A positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer including a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder, wherein the positive electrode active material contains any one among Li(Nix1Mny1Coz1)O2 (0.55<x1<0.69, 0.15<y1<0.29, 0.15<z1<0.29, x1+y1+z1=1) and Li(Nix2Mny2Coz2)O2 (0.75<x2<0.89, 0.05<y2<0.19, 0.05<z2<0.19, x2+y2+z2=1) and the conductive material contains a carbon nanotube, and when the positive electrode active material is Li(Nix2Mny2Coz2)O2, the positive electrode active material layer satisfies Relation 1 and when the positive electrode active material is Li(Nix2Mny2Coz2)O2, the positive electrode active material layer satisfies Relation 2:
0.0020×a<b<0.0050×a  [Relation 1]
0.0015×a<b<0.0044×a  [Relation 2] wherein a is a loading amount (mg/25 cm.sup.2) of the positive electrode and b is a total content (wt %) of the remaining components excluding the positive active material in the positive electrode material.

A method for forming a sintered composition including providing a slurry precursor including a lithium-, sodium-, or magnesium-based compound; tape casting the slurry precursor to form a green tape; and sintering the green tape at a temperature in a range of 500° C. to 1350° C. for a time in a range of less than 60 min to form a sintered composition, such that the slurry precursor further includes a solvent and dispersant. The dispersant may include an amine compound, a carboxylic acid compound, or combinations, mixtures, or salts thereof.

An electrochemical device, which is a non-aqueous electrochemical device, comprising a polymer (P) enclosed in an inside of the electrochemical device, wherein the polymer (P) is a polymer having a molecular structure containing a unit (P) represented by the following formula (P), the polymer (P) having a weight-average molecular weight of greater than 50,000, as well as an electrode for an electrochemical device, a coating liquid for an electrochemical device, an insulating layer for an electrochemical device, an undercoat layer for an electrochemical device, and an electrolytic solution for an electrochemical device including the polymer (P) and other ingredients:

##STR00001## in the formula (P), R.sup.P is a group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

A cathode composition for a lithium-ion cell or battery of the general formula: Li.sub.1+xMn.sub.1−xO.sub.2, wherein the composition is in the form of a single phase having a rock salt crystal structure; and the value of x is greater than 0, and equal to or less than 0.3. The compound is also formulated into a positive electrode, or cathode, for use in an electrochemical cell.

An electrode for use in a device configured to remove ions from a solution. The electrode includes an intercalation material including a binary transition metal Prussian blue analogue compound, a ternary transition metal Prussian blue analogue compound, or a combination thereof. The binary compound may have a general formula: A.sub.xB.sub.yC.sub.z[Fe(CN).sub.6], where A=Li, Na, or K; B=Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, or Zn; C=Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, or Zn; 0≤x≤1; 0≤y≤1; and 0≤z≤1. The ternary compound may have the general formula: A.sub.xB.sub.yC.sub.zD.sub.w[Fe(CN).sub.6], where A=Li, Na, or K; B=Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, or Zn; C=Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, or Zn; D=Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, or Zn; 0≤x≤1; 0≤y≤1; 0≤z≤1; 0≤w≤1.

Provided is a paste for a secondary battery that can cause an electrode mixed material layer to display excellent adhesiveness and can reduce internal resistance of a secondary battery. The paste for a secondary battery contains a conductive additive, a polymer, and a dispersion medium. The conductive additive includes one or more carbon nanotubes having a surface acid content of not less than 0.01 mmol/g and not more than 0.15 mmol/g, a surface base content of not less than 0.005 mmol/g and not more than 0.500 mmol/g, a ratio of the surface acid content relative to the surface base content of not less than 1.3 and not more than 3.0, and a specific surface area of 150 m.sup.2/g or more.

The present disclosure provides an electrochemical cell that includes a double-sided electrode. The double-sided electrode includes a first electroactive material layer, a second electroactive material layer, and a current collector disposed between the first and second electroactive material layers. Each of the first and second electroactive material layers may include a plurality of electroactive material sub-films and a plurality of buffer layers disposed between adjacent electroactive material sub-films. The electrochemical cell further includes a first single-sided electrode substantially aligned with the first electroactive material layer; a first separator physically separating the first single-sided electrode and the first electroactive material layer; a second single-sided electrode substantially aligned with the second electroactive material layer; and a second separator physically separating the second single-sided electrode and the second electroactive material layer. The current collector may include at least one surface coated with an adhesive layer.