An electrochemical cell is provided which includes a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte separator, and an anode current collector located on the anode. The anode is a three-dimensional (3D) porous anode including ionically conducting electrolyte strands and pores which extend through the anode from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator. The anode also includes electronically conducting networks extending on sidewall surfaces of the pores from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator.

An object of the present invention is to provide a lithium-ion secondary battery having a large charge and discharge capacity and excellent cycle characteristics irrespective of kind and shape of a current collector. The lithium-ion secondary battery comprises an electrode comprising a primer layer for protecting a current collector and a crosslinking agent layer comprising a compound being capable of crosslinking an aqueous binder contained in the primer layer, the both layers being disposed between a current collector and an active material layer comprising a sulfur-based active material.

An alkaline electrochemical cell has a central cathode having a corresponding cathode current collector electrically connected with a positive terminal of the electrochemical cell. The cathode current collector has a tubular shape, such as a cylindrical shape or rectangular shape, extending parallel with the length of the central cathode. The cathode current collector is embedded within the central cathode, such as at a medial point of a radius of the central cathode, thereby minimizing the distance between the cathode current collector and any portion of the central cathode, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the cathode and facilitating charge transfer to the cathode current collector.

A lithium-sulfur battery includes: a substrate; a composite cathode disposed on the substrate; a solid-state electrolyte disposed on the composite cathode; and a lithium anode disposed on the solid-state electrolyte, such that the composite cathode comprises: active elemental sulfur, conductive carbon, sulfide electrolyte, and ionic liquid.

In an embodiment, a Li-ion battery electrode comprises a conductive interlayer arranged between a current collector and an electrode active material layer. The conductive interlayer comprises first conductive additives and a first polymer binder, and the electrode active material layer comprises a plurality of active material particles mixed with a second polymer binder (which may be the same as or different from the first polymer binder) and second conductive additives (which may be the same as or different from the first conductive additives). In a further embodiment, the Li-ion battery electrode may be fabricated via application of successive slurry formulations onto the current collector, with the resultant product then being calendared (or densified).

Provided are printed electrochemical cells, which utilize zinc salts for ionic transfer, and methods of fabricating such cells. In some examples, a printed electrochemical cell comprises a positive electrode with a positive current collector having a two-dimensional shape and comprising an electrolyte-facing surface formed by the graphite. For example, the positive current collector may be a graphite foil or an aluminum foil with a graphite coating. The cell also comprises electrolyte comprising an electrolyte salt and an electrolyte solvent. For example, the electrolyte salt comprises a zinc salt with a concentration of at least 30% by weight in the electrolyte. The cell is fabricated by printing a positive active material layer over the positive current collector, printing one or more electrolyte layers on various cell components, and laminating a separator layer between the positive and negative electrodes while soaking the separator layer with the electrolyte.

Embodiments of the claimed invention are directed to a device, comprising: an anode that includes a lithiated silicon-based or lithiated carbon-based material or pure lithium metal or metal oxides and a sandwich-type sulfur-based cathode, wherein the anode and the cathode are designed to have porous structures. An additional embodiment of the invention is directed to a scalable method of manufacturing sandwich-type Li—S batteries at a significantly reduced cost compared to traditional methods. An additional embodiment is directed to the use of exfoliated CNT sponges for enlarging the percentage of sulfur in the cathode to have large energy density.

Provided are a current collector, an electrode plate, a battery and an application of the current collector. The current collector includes an insulation layer and a conductive layer. The insulation layer is configured to bear the conductive layer, the conductive layer is configured to bear an electrode active material layer. A room temperature film resistance R.sub.S of the conductive layer meets a conditional expression: 0.016Ω/□≤R.sub.S≤420Ω/□. By the current collector of the present application, the short circuit resistance of the battery in case of an abnormal situation causing the short circuit can be greatly increased, and the short circuit current can be greatly reduced. Thus, influence of the short circuit damage on the battery is limited to a point range, and an interrupt in the current only occurs in a point range, without disrupting normal operation of the battery in a certain period time.

A lead-acid battery is disclosed. The battery comprises a container with a cover having one or more compartments. One or more cell elements are provided in the one or more compartments. The cell elements comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The positive electrode has a positive current collector and a positive electrochemically active material in contact therewith. The negative electrode has a negative current collector and a negative electrochemically active material in contact therewith. At least one of the positive electrochemically active material or the negative electrochemically active material includes electrochemically active fibers dispersed therein. Electrolyte is provided within the container. One or more terminal posts extend from the container or the cover and are electrically coupled to the cell elements. An electrode and an active material for a lead-acid battery are also disclosed.

A lithium ion battery current collector which is used in a lithium ion battery in contact with an electrode active material at one principal surface, characterized in that the current collector is provided with a surface layer on the principal surface in contact with the electrode active material, and an uneven structure is provided on a surface in which the surface layer is in contact with the electrode active material, the uneven structure is any of a plurality of recesses composed of closed figures as seen from above, a network structure, or a pattern of recesses and protrusions, which is provided in an outermost layer of the surface layer, and a depth of the recess is 10 to 45 μm, a length of a shortest portion of lengths passing through a centroid of the recess is 30 to 105 μm, and a proportion of an area of the recess as seen from above is 19% to 61% with respect to an area of a surface of the current collector provided with the recess as seen from above.