A solid-state battery cell includes a cathode comprising a cathode glass fiber scaffold impregnated with cathode active material, an anode comprising an anode glass fiber scaffold impregnated with lithium metal or a lithium metal alloy, and a first electrolyte layer comprising an electrolyte glass fiber scaffold impregnated with a first solid-state electrolyte, the electrolyte layer positioned between the cathode and the anode and the electrolyte glass fiber scaffold extending throughout the first electrolyte layer.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide a sulfide solid electrolyte with excellent water resistance. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing a sulfide solid electrolyte including a LGPS type crystal phase, and containing Li, Ge, P, and S, wherein: when an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement is conducted to a surface of the sulfide solid electrolyte, a proportion of Ge.sup.2+ with respect to total amount of Ge is 20% or more.

Features for rechargeable lithium ion batteries, the batteries optionally employing vertically aligned carbon nanotube scaffolding, are described. Methods of manufacture and a solid polymer electrolyte are described for 3-dimensional battery architectures using the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Poly(ethylene)oxide bis(azide) and graphene poly(lactic acid) composite coatings are also described for use in such batteries or others.

A technique of improving the performance of a secondary battery is provided. A secondary battery according to an embodiment includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first layer disposed on the first electrode and including a first n-type oxide semiconductor, a second layer disposed on the first layer and including a second n-type oxide semiconductor material and a first insulating material, a third layer which is disposed on the second layer and is a solid electrolyte layer, and a fourth layer disposed on the third layer and including hexagonal Ni(OH)2 microcrystals.

A negative electrode includes a current collector and an active substance layer arranged on the current collector, and an ionic conductivity of the active substance layer is 0.01 S/m to 1 S/m. The ionic conductivity of the active substance layer is defined as 0.01 S/m to 1 S/m, so that the electrochemical device can meet requirements for fast charging, and meanwhile, lithium plating on a surface of the negative electrode of the electrochemical device can be inhibited in a fast-charging condition, ensuring safety performance of the electrochemical device.

A film and a manufacturing process thereof, including a base layer, where each of front and back sides of the base layer is provided with a bonding layer, a functional layer, and a protective layer in sequence; the functional layer is composed of a first composite copper layer and/or a second composite copper layer; the first composite copper layer is formed by repeating copper coating on a surface of the bonding layer 2 to 500 times; and the second composite copper layer is formed by repeating copper coating on a surface of the bonding layer 2 to 500 times. The film has low cost, simple process, and prominent appearance performance, and the present disclosure belongs to the technical field of energy storage unit materials.

A method for forming a battery structure includes texturing an anode packaging material to form a first textured surface, depositing one or more metal layers including an anode metal on the first textured surface and forming a separator on the anode metal. It also includes texturing a cathode packaging material to form a second textured surface, depositing a cathode metal on the second textured surface, and forming an electrolyte binder paste on the cathode metal, which contacts the separator with any gap being filled with electrolyte.

The present disclosure provides methods, electrodes, and systems for electrochemical oxidation of polyfluoroalkyl and perfluroalkyl (PFAS) contaminants using Magnéli phase titanium suboxide ceramic electrodes/membranes. Magnéli phase titanium suboxide ceramic electrodes/membranes can be porous and can be included in reactive electrochemical membrane filtration systems for filtration, concentration, and oxidation of PFASs and other contaminants.

A negative electrode includes a current collector and an active substance layer arranged on the current collector, and an ionic conductivity of the active substance layer is 0.01 S/m to 1 S/m. The ionic conductivity of the active substance layer is defined as 0.01 S/m to 1 S/m, so that the electrochemical device can meet requirements for fast charging, and meanwhile, lithium plating on a surface of the negative electrode of the electrochemical device can be inhibited in a fast-charging condition, ensuring safety performance of the electrochemical device.

The present disclosure relates to a ceramic-carbon composite including a ceramic shell surrounding a hollow portion; and a carbon coating layer surrounding the ceramic shell, wherein the hollow portion is in a vacuum state, an electrode including the ceramic-carbon composite, and a secondary battery including the electrode. The ceramic-carbon composite of the present disclosure has excellent thermal barrier effect and electrical conductivity, and thus, when used in the electrode, non-ideal heat transfer between an electrode active material and an electrode current collector is blocked to prevent a thermal runaway phenomenon, to have an effect that can significantly improve safety of the secondary battery.