An anode for a lithium-based energy storage device such as a lithium-ion battery is disclosed. The anode includes an electrically conductive current collector comprising a metal oxide layer and a continuous porous lithium storage layer provided over the metal oxide layer. The continuous porous lithium storage layer includes at least 40 atomic % silicon, germanium or a combination thereof. A method of making the anode includes providing an electrically conductive current collector having an electrically conductive layer and a metal oxide layer provided over the electrically conductive layer. The metal oxide layer may have an average thickness of at least 0.05 m. A continuous porous lithium storage layer is deposited over the metal oxide layer by PECVD.

A hydraulic binder includes at least 70% by weight of a solid mineral compound consisting of at least one mixture of silica, alumina and alkaline-earth metal oxides, the total sum of CaO and MgO representing at least 10% by weight of the solid mineral compound, and an activation system of which at least 30% by weight is a phosphoric acid-derived salt. Construction products can obtained from a mortar composition including such a binder.

The present invention provides a silicon nanowire structure embedded in nickel silicide nanowires for lithium-based battery anodes and anodes including the same. In particular, a Si nanowire structure embedded in NiSi.sub.x nanowires according to the present invention may provide a solution to a problem, such as disconnection of Si nanowires from a current collector shown when the Si nanowires are expanded by alloying with Li or contracted during the use of a battery, and the like, by flexibly embedding the Si nanowires in the NiSi.sub.x nanowires.

A bipolar electrode (100) for a metal hydride battery includes a current collector (10), a negative electrode active material layer (20) provided on a first surface (10A) of the current collector (10), and a positive electrode active material layer (30) provided on a second surface (10B) of the current collector (10). The negative electrode active material layer (20) contains a metal hydride. The current collector (10) includes a steel sheet (13) and a NiFe alloy layer (15) formed on at least one surface of the steel sheet (13).

A current collector for an anode-free all-solid-state battery is capable of effectively increasing a physical contact area between an electrolyte and a current collector and effectively reducing interfacial voids between the electrolyte and the current collector. In addition, an anode-free all-solid-state battery capable of stably increasing cycle life without overvoltage is provided.

A current collector for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a substrate and a binder coating layer on a surface of the substrate, wherein the binder coating layer includes a water-soluble binder selected from a rubber-based binder, a polymer resin binder, or a combination thereof.

[Object]

To provide a surface treated steel foil for a current collector, the surface treated steel foil having suitable hydrogen barrier properties.

[Solving Means]

A surface treated steel foil for a current collector, the surface treated steel foil having a first surface and a second surface located on a side opposite to the first surface, includes a base material formed of a steel and an iron-nickel alloy layer that is laminated on the base material on the first surface side and/or the second surface side. The iron-nickel alloy layer contains Fe.sub.1Ni.sub.1 as an alloy phase. With respect to the surface including the alloy layer, the ratio of the maximum value of diffraction intensity of a Fe.sub.1Ni.sub.1 (311) plane and the maximum value of diffraction intensity of a Fe(211) plane in X-ray diffraction satisfies the following formula (1):

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}I\left({\mathrm{Fe}}_1{\mathrm{Ni}}_1\left(311\right)\right)/I\left(\mathrm{Fe}\left(211\right)\right)?0.015.& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

An implantable device, such as a pacer, defibrillator, or other cardiac rhythm management device, can include one or more MRI Safe components. In an example, the implantable device includes a battery including a first electrode and a second electrode separate from the first electrode. The second electrode includes a first surface and a second surface. The second electrode includes a slot through the second electrode from the first surface toward the second surface. The slot extends from a perimeter of the second electrode to an interior of the second electrode. The slot is configured to at least partially segment a surface area of the second electrode to reduce a radial current loop size in the second electrode.

An electrochemical cell includes solid-state, printable anode layer, cathode layer and non-aqueous gel electrolyte layer coupled to the anode layer and cathode layer. The electrolyte layer provides physical separation between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and comprises a composition configured to provide ionic communication between the anode layer and cathode layer by facilitating transmission of multivalent ions between the anode layer and the cathode layer.

A stretchable electrode includes: a current collector; and, disposed on a surface of the current collector, a metal layer or an electrode active material layer, wherein the current collector includes a spiral-type coil spring and an elastic polymer, the spiral-type coil spring including a coil spring wound in a spiral pattern around a point, and wherein the elastic polymer is disposed in at least a portion of an inside of the coil spring, in at least a portion of a space between spiral coils of the spiral-type coil spring, or both.