A vaporizer electrical system has a mouthpiece. The mouthpiece is configured to allow a user to aspirate a flow of air through the mouthpiece. A center airflow post is connected to the mouthpiece. The center airflow post has a post opening to admit air through the center airflow post. A burning chamber frame is connected to the center airflow post. The burning chamber frame has a burning chamber frame slot for receiving material. The material is a liquid or solid. The main base connects to the burning chamber frame, and a static electrode connects to the main base. The main base, the burning chamber frame, and the static electrode have a first electrical polarity. A moving electrode is mounted to a gasket insulator.

Systems, apparatuses, and/or the like are provided. In some embodiments, an electrochemical cell may include a container, a ring-shaped cathode disposed within the container, wherein the ring-shaped cathode defines an open interior, an anode disposed within the open interior of the ring-shaped cathode, a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, an electrolyte solution, and a current collector electrically connected with a portion of the container, wherein the current collector is positioned at least partially within the anode. For example, current collectors may include a base including a first material that is fixedly attached to the portion of the container and a zinc component composed of a second material and fixedly attached to the base.

The present application relates to a current collector, an electrode plate and a preparation method thereof, an electrode assembly, and a secondary battery. Through holes running through a current collecting body are provided in at least one corner region, so that the electrode assembly formed by winding electrode plates provided with the current collectors may feature the through holes in at least one layer of electrode plate in a bent portion. In this case, during cyclic charging, lithium ions on a convex side and a concave side of the electrode plate may communicate through the through holes, thereby ensuring that intercalated lithium concentrations on two sides of the electrode plate are balanced, reducing the risk of lithium precipitation between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate in the bent portion, and prolonging the service life of the secondary battery.

The present application relates to a current collector, an electrode plate and a preparation method thereof, an electrode assembly, and a secondary battery. Through holes running through a current collecting body are provided in at least one corner region, so that the electrode assembly formed by winding electrode plates provided with the current collectors may feature the through holes in at least one layer of electrode plate in a bent portion. In this case, during cyclic charging, lithium ions on a convex side and a concave side of the electrode plate may communicate through the through holes, thereby ensuring that intercalated lithium concentrations on two sides of the electrode plate are balanced, reducing the risk of lithium precipitation between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate in the bent portion, and prolonging the service life of the secondary battery.

An electrode and a lithium secondary battery including the same. By preparing an electrode including an electrode active layer formed using a structure capable of supporting an electrode active material, safety and charge and discharge properties of a battery are improved due to morphological characteristics of the electrode active material being supported inside the structure.

A method for manufacturing a lithium secondary battery including (S1) providing a battery frame including a battery casing, the battery casing including a first side and a second side, the first side including a three-dimensional porous positive electrode current collector and the second side including a three-dimensional porous negative electrode current collector; (S2) introducing a positive electrode active material to the pores formed in the positive electrode current collector, and introducing a negative electrode active material to the pores formed in the negative electrode current collector; and (S3) pressing the battery casing to deform the battery casing into a predetermined shape.

A method for manufacturing a lithium secondary battery including (S1) providing a battery frame including a battery casing, the battery casing including a first side and a second side, the first side including a three-dimensional porous positive electrode current collector and the second side including a three-dimensional porous negative electrode current collector; (S2) introducing a positive electrode active material to the pores formed in the positive electrode current collector, and introducing a negative electrode active material to the pores formed in the negative electrode current collector; and (S3) pressing the battery casing to deform the battery casing into a predetermined shape.

The present invention provides an aqueous electrolyte for use in rechargeable zinc-halide storage batteries that possesses improved stability and durability and improves zinc-halide battery performance. One aspect of the present invention provides an electrolyte for use in a secondary zinc bromine electrochemical cell comprising from about 30 wt % to about 40 wt % of ZnBr.sub.2 by weight of the electrolyte; from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt % of KBr; from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt % of KCl; and one or more quaternary ammonium agents, wherein the electrolyte comprises from about 0.5 wt % to about 10 wt % of the one or more quaternary ammonium agents.

The present invention provides an aqueous electrolyte for use in rechargeable zinc-halide storage batteries that possesses improved stability and durability and improves zinc-halide battery performance. One aspect of the present invention provides an electrolyte for use in a secondary zinc bromine electrochemical cell comprising from about 30 wt % to about 40 wt % of ZnBr.sub.2 by weight of the electrolyte; from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt % of KBr; from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt % of KCl; and one or more quaternary ammonium agents, wherein the electrolyte comprises from about 0.5 wt % to about 10 wt % of the one or more quaternary ammonium agents.

A structure, and more specifically a tube-shaped structure having an inner surface and two ends, wherein one or both ends are open and the inner surface is exposed through said one or both open ends, and a metal provide on the inner surface. Also, an electrode active material, such as lithium metal, on the metal included on the inner surface of the tube.