Generally, this disclosure provides systems, devices and methods for extending charge cycle life of rechargeable batteries through the use of constrained anode fibers. A battery may include a porous anode fiber configured to produce electrons during discharge of the battery. The battery may also include and an anode current collector layer, configured to provide a conductive path to a first terminal of the battery, wherein the anode current collector layer is concentrically disposed on the anode fiber to constrain expansion of the anode fiber during charging of the battery. The porosity of the anode fiber allows for the constrained expansion to be directed radially inward, decreasing the volume of the porous regions of the anode fiber.

An electrode comprises a current collector, a conductive buffer layer formed on the current collector that has at least one geometrically configured region and an active material layer formed on the conductive buffer layer. The geometrically configured conductive buffer region can expand and contract between the non-lithiated and lithiated states.

An anode compartment for rechargeable lithium or sodium batteries, including: a solid electrolyte; a collector deposited on the solid electrolyte; and an active material made of lithium metal or sodium metal which has been grown between the solid electrolyte and the collector in order to form an electrode made of lithium metal or sodium metal with the collector, in which the collector is made of an amorphous alloy. A method for manufacturing such an anode compartment and a battery including said anode compartment is also presented.

An anode compartment for rechargeable lithium or sodium batteries, including: a solid electrolyte; a collector deposited on the solid electrolyte; and an active material made of lithium metal or sodium metal which has been grown between the solid electrolyte and the collector in order to form an electrode made of lithium metal or sodium metal with the collector, in which the collector is made of an amorphous alloy. A method for manufacturing such an anode compartment and a battery including said anode compartment is also presented.

A device for storing electrical energy is disclosed. The device includes an electrochemical cell having a cathode chamber for holding a liquid cathode material and an anode chamber for holding a liquid anode material. The cathode and anode chambers are separated by a solid electrolyte, wherein the solid electrolyte is surrounded by a planar construction having openings, through which the cathode material can flow. The planar construction is made of an electrically conductive material. The cathode chamber includes at least one segment, wherein each segment has a jacket composed of an electrically conductive material and the jacket is fastened to the planar construction having openings in a fluid-tight and electrically conductive manner and wherein each segment is filled with a porous felt or a porous material different from porous felt. A method for assembling and starting up the device and a method for operating the device is also disclosed.

A laminated power storage device that includes a first end portion of a first current collector extends to an inside of an insulating adhesive portion relative to a first polarizable electrode layer, and a second end portion of a second current collector extends to an inside of the insulating adhesive portion relative to a second polarizable electrode layer.

A laminated power storage device that includes a first end portion of a first current collector extends to an inside of an insulating adhesive portion relative to a first polarizable electrode layer, and a second end portion of a second current collector extends to an inside of the insulating adhesive portion relative to a second polarizable electrode layer.

A battery cell capable of self-priming with molten metal produced within the battery cell includes a cathode compartment configured to contain a catholyte that releases metal ions, an anode compartment configured to receive electrons from an external power supply, an ion-selective membrane positioned between the cathode compartment and the anode compartment and configured to selectively transport the metal ions from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment when self-priming the battery cell, and an electrically conductive coating on a surface of the ion-selective membrane facing the anode compartment and configured to distribute the electrons received from the external power supply across the ion-selective membrane when self-priming the battery cell. Self-priming includes combining the electrons with the metal ions arriving at an interface between the electrically conductive coating and the ion-selective membrane to produce the molten metal within the anode compartment.

A battery cell capable of self-priming with molten metal produced within the battery cell includes a cathode compartment configured to contain a catholyte that releases metal ions, an anode compartment configured to receive electrons from an external power supply, an ion-selective membrane positioned between the cathode compartment and the anode compartment and configured to selectively transport the metal ions from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment when self-priming the battery cell, and an electrically conductive coating on a surface of the ion-selective membrane facing the anode compartment and configured to distribute the electrons received from the external power supply across the ion-selective membrane when self-priming the battery cell. Self-priming includes combining the electrons with the metal ions arriving at an interface between the electrically conductive coating and the ion-selective membrane to produce the molten metal within the anode compartment.

A lithium metal secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a solid electrolyte, and a soft electrolyte. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector having at least one hole, in which lithium metal is deposited in a charged state. The solid electrolyte is disposed on the surface, which face negative electrode current collector, of the positive electrode. The soft electrolyte fills the space between the negative electrode current collector and solid electrolyte and entering into the at least one hole. The solid and soft electrolytes have lithium ion conductivity.