An oxidation gas discharging structure is applied to a fuel cell stack that includes an end plate arranged on an end of a fuel cell body. The oxidation gas inside the fuel cell body is discharged to the outside through a through hole extending through the end plate. A slope is formed on the bottom face of the through hole to rise toward the downstream side. The slope restricts condensed water from moving downstream.

The disclosure relates to a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell module, fuel and oxidizing gas. The fuel cell module includes a container and a membrane electrode assembly located on the container. The container includes a housing and a nozzle connected to the housing. The container defines a number of through holes located on the housing and covered by the membrane electrode assembly. The membrane electrode assembly includes a proton exchange membrane having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a cathode electrode located on the first surface and an anode electrode located on the second surface.

A bipolar plate (20) for making a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell stack, said bipolar plate (20) being made up of metal sheets that are shaped and assembled together in such a manner as to define primary fluid-flow channels (24) and secondary fluid-flow channels (25) that are arranged in alternation, said primary channels (24) being formed between said assembled-together sheets; the bipolar plate (20) being characterized in that it includes mechanical reinforcement (35) made out of metal material arranged in a reinforcing duct (30) of the bipolar plate (20), said metal reinforcement (35) being configured in such a manner as to oppose a compression force applied to the bipolar plate (20), said bipolar plate (20) further including a source of electricity adapted to feed electric current to the mechanical reinforcement (35) and thereby give off heat by the Joule effect.

A bipolar plate (20) for making a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell stack, said bipolar plate (20) being made up of metal sheets that are shaped and assembled together in such a manner as to define primary fluid-flow channels (24) and secondary fluid-flow channels (25) that are arranged in alternation, said primary channels (24) being formed between said assembled-together sheets; the bipolar plate (20) being characterized in that it includes mechanical reinforcement (35) made out of metal material arranged in a reinforcing duct (30) of the bipolar plate (20), said metal reinforcement (35) being configured in such a manner as to oppose a compression force applied to the bipolar plate (20), said bipolar plate (20) further including a source of electricity adapted to feed electric current to the mechanical reinforcement (35) and thereby give off heat by the Joule effect.

A fuel cell comprising a tubular body, an inner and outer electrolyte layer disposed on the tubular body, an inner and outer electrically conductive layer disposed on the respective electrolyte layer, and a first electric terminal arranged at an interruption of the outer electrolyte layer and the outer electrically conductive layer. Also fuel cell systems having a plurality of such fuel cells, which are electrically connected in axial direction to form subgroups and in radial direction.

A fuel cell comprising a tubular body, an inner and outer electrolyte layer disposed on the tubular body, an inner and outer electrically conductive layer disposed on the respective electrolyte layer, and a first electric terminal arranged at an interruption of the outer electrolyte layer and the outer electrically conductive layer. Also fuel cell systems having a plurality of such fuel cells, which are electrically connected in axial direction to form subgroups and in radial direction.

A carrier structure for electrodes of a fuel cell. The structure has a duct wall and a tubular ducting volume. The duct wall forms the tubular ducting volume and includes an outer surface facing a surrounding and an inner surface facing the tubular ducting volume. The tubular ducting volume conducts a first supply flow comprising an oxidant. The duct wall provides a second supply flow within the duct wall, the second supply flow being a reductant. The duct wall separates the first supply flow in the tubular ducting volume from the second supply flow within the duct wall and the surrounding of the carrier structure. A primary power coating layer is applied on the inner surface of the duct wall, arranged between the first supply flow and the second supply flow. The coating layer generates electrical energy from the first supply flow and the second supply flow.

A carrier structure for electrodes of a fuel cell. The structure has a duct wall and a tubular ducting volume. The duct wall forms the tubular ducting volume and includes an outer surface facing a surrounding and an inner surface facing the tubular ducting volume. The tubular ducting volume conducts a first supply flow comprising an oxidant. The duct wall provides a second supply flow within the duct wall, the second supply flow being a reductant. The duct wall separates the first supply flow in the tubular ducting volume from the second supply flow within the duct wall and the surrounding of the carrier structure. A primary power coating layer is applied on the inner surface of the duct wall, arranged between the first supply flow and the second supply flow. The coating layer generates electrical energy from the first supply flow and the second supply flow.

Provided is a solid oxide fuel cell unit comprising an insulating support, and a power generation element comprising, at least, a fuel electrode, an electrolyte and an air electrode, which are sequentially laminated one another, the power generation element being provided on the insulating support, wherein an exposed insulating support portion, an exposed fuel electrode portion, and an exposed electrolyte portion are provided in an fuel electrode cell end portion.

A cylindrical reactor for a flow battery includes a solid anode body with through-holes through which hollow membrane tubes extend. The hollow membrane tubes surround cathodic wires. A first electrolyte is pumped in from a first electrolyte tank between the cathodic wires and the hollow membrane tubes, while a second electrolyte is pumped in from a second electrolyte tank between the hollow membrane tubes and the surrounding portion of the solid anode body. Redox half reactions between the first electrolyte and the second electrolyte are thereby able to happen across the hollow membrane tubes.