Provided herein are solvents for an electrolyte of a battery comprising fluorinated compounds of the present disclosure, batteries comprising: an anode structure including an anode current collector; a cathode structure including a cathode current collector and a cathode material disposed on the cathode current collector; and the electrolyte of the disclosure. Also provided herein are layers of a battery, comprising a fluorinated polymer compounds of the present disclosure.

A lithium secondary battery is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material, where the negative electrode active material consists of a silicon-based material, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte solution includes a lithium salt including LiPF.sub.6 and LiN(FSO.sub.2).sub.2, an additive including a sultone-based compound, and an organic solvent including a non-fluorine-based linear carbonate solvent and a fluorine-based cyclic carbonate solvent.

The present disclosure provides an electrolyte system for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions. The electrolyte system may include an aliphatic fluorinated disulfonimide lithium salt in a mixture of organic solvents. The mixture of organic solvents may include a first solvent and a second solvent. The first solvent may include an ether solvent, a carbonate solvent, or a mixture of ether and carbonate solvents. The second solvent may include a fluorinated ether. A molar ratio of the aliphatic fluorinated disulfonimide lithium salt to the first solvent may be greater than or equal to about 1:1.2 to less than or equal to about 1:2. A molar ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent may be greater than or equal to about 1:1 to less than or equal to about 1:4.

Electrolytes for lithium ion batteries with carbon-based, silicon-based, or carbon- and silicon-based anodes include a lithium salt; a nonaqueous solvent comprising at least one of the following components: (i) an ester, (ii) a sulfur-containing solvent, (iii) a phosphorus-containing solvent, (iv) an ether, (v) a nitrile, or any combination thereof, wherein the lithium salt is soluble in the solvent; a diluent comprising a fluoroalkyl ether, a fluorinated orthoformate, a fluorinated carbonate, a fluorinated borate, or a combination thereof, wherein the lithium salt has a solubility in the diluent at least 10 times less than a solubility of the lithium salt in the solvent; and an additive having a different composition than the lithium salt, a different composition than the solvent, and a different composition than the diluent.

There is provided an electrolytic solution including magnesium fluoride, lithium salt, a first solvent, and a second solvent, the first solvent having a dielectric constant of less than 10, and the second solvent having a dielectric constant of more than 50.

Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising linear carbonate compounds.

One or more embodiments relates to a solvent that includes a first fluorinated ester, a diluent, a salt. One or more embodiments may include a film-forming additive. The diluent may include a second fluorinated ester or a fluorinated ether. Further, the solvent to diluent ratio is from about 1:0.2 to about 1:10.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed towards increases in cycle life and stability of electrochemical cells. Electrolytes and electrochemical cells, including those for use in rechargeable lithium batteries, are generally provided. In some embodiments, the electrolytes and electrochemical cells comprise asymmetric sulfonamides. The electrolytes and electrochemical cells also comprise carbonates, according to some embodiments.

The nonaqueous electrolyte energy storage device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, and in the nonaqueous electrolyte energy storage device, the negative electrode includes a negative active material layer containing lithium metal, the nonaqueous electrolyte contains a fluorinated cyclic carbonate, a chain carbonate, and a sulfur-based cyclic compound, and the content of the fluorinated cyclic carbonate in the entire solvent of the nonaqueous electrolyte exceeds 20% by volume.

The present invention provides for an amphiphilic molecule having a profluorinated alkyl-methyloligoethyleneoxide structure. The present invention also provides for an electrolyte composition comprising an amphiphilic molecule of the present invention, an electrolyte solvent, and a lithium salt.