A roof module for forming at least a part of the vehicle roof on a motor vehicle, the roof module having a panel component whose outer surface at least partially forms the roof skin of the vehicle roof, the roof module having at least one environment sensor configured to send and/or receive electromagnetic signals for detecting the vehicle surroundings. The roof module has at least one antenna module configured to receive and/or send radio signals.

A roadside apparatus according to the first aspect includes: a housing including an antenna mounting surface; an antenna connection terminal being provided on the antenna mounting surface, and supporting both a rod antenna and a planar antenna; and a circuit being housed in the housing, and being configured to perform road-to-vehicle communication via a connection antenna connected to the antenna connection terminal. An area of the antenna mounting surface is equal to or larger than an area of the planar antenna. An antenna selected out of the planar antenna and the rod antenna is connected as the connection antenna to the antenna connection terminal.

In a communications system for communication between a vehicle guided along a predefined movement path and a stationary station using a slotted waveguide which extends parallel to the movement path of the vehicle and into which at least one antenna connected to a transceiver unit of the stationary station and at least one antenna of the vehicle project, wherein the antenna of the vehicle is moved in the longitudinal direction of the slotted waveguide with a movement of the vehicle, a switching device is arranged between the antenna of the vehicle and a transceiver unit of the vehicle, by means of which the antenna can be selectively connected to the transceiver unit of the vehicle either directly or via at least one interconnected attenuation element. The switching device can be actuated by the control device of the vehicle according to the power of a received signal.

Disclosed is a system, method, mobile communication device and one or more computer programs for a monitoring system. In one aspect, the system includes a plurality of transmitters, each transmitter having associated therewith a reflector antenna configured to substantially reflect signal transmission toward a detection area; and a mobile device configured to: receive transmitter signals from at least two transmitters from the plurality of transmitters; and determine that the mobile device is located within the detection area based on received signal strengths of the at least some of the transmitter signals.

An aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides radar-reflecting systems and apparatus that employ metasurfaces to produce enhanced radar cross sections that are greater than those produced by the geometry of the surfaces alone. Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides heat-ducting systems and apparatus that include metasurfaces. A further aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides cards with metasurfaces. Exemplary embodiments utilize fractal plasmonic surfaces for a metasurface.

The disclosure relates to an antenna system 1 for providing coverage for multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, communication in mixed type of spaces. The antenna system 1 comprises a leaky cable 2 arranged to provide coverage in a first type of space, and a distributed antenna system 3 comprising one or more antennas 3.sub.1, 3.sub.2, 3.sub.3, 3.sub.4 and ranged to provide coverage in a second type of space, wherein each of the one or more antennas 3.sub.1, 3.sub.2, 3.sub.3, 3.sub.4 of the distributed antenna system 3 is connected to the leaky cable 2 through a circulator 4.sub.1, 4.sub.2, 4.sub.3, and wherein the MIMO communication is enabled by both ends of the leaky cable 2 being adapted for connection to a respective antenna port 8, 9 of a network node 5 configured for 10 MIMO communication. The disclosure also relates to a related method and system.

An aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides radar-reflecting systems and apparatus that employ metasurfaces to produce enhanced radar cross sections that are greater than those produced by the geometry of the surfaces alone. Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides heat-ducting systems and apparatus that include metasurfaces. A further aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides cards with metasurfaces. Exemplary embodiments utilize fractal plasmonic surfaces for a metasurface.

Disclosed is a patch antenna module, which receives a signal for position information and a signal for vehicle communication by using one patch antenna, thereby minimizing a mounting space. The disclosed patch antenna module includes a dielectric; an upper patch formed on one surface of the dielectric and for receiving a signal for position information; a lower patch formed on the other surface of the dielectric; and a feed pin for penetrating the dielectric, the upper patch, and the lower patch, formed in a length within a predetermined range, and for receiving a signal for vehicle communication.

Described herein are techniques for determining motion characteristics (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, etc.) of one or more trains traveling along a train track, such that train control systems may have the information needed to safely operate the trains at higher speeds and with shorter separation between trains. In accordance with various embodiments, systems and methods described herein may be configured to determine a position, velocity, and/or acceleration of a train traveling along a train track. In some embodiments, the motion characteristics may be determined one or more radio frequency antennas onboard the train, such as in communication with one or more anchor nodes positioned adjacent the train track. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments motion characteristics may be determined using one or more one or more inertial measurement units (IMUs) onboard the train.

Described herein are techniques for determining motion characteristics (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, etc.) of one or more trains traveling along a train track, such that train control systems may have the information needed to safely operate the trains at higher speeds and with shorter separation between trains. In accordance with various embodiments, systems and methods described herein may be configured to determine a position, velocity, and/or acceleration of a train traveling along a train track. In some embodiments, the motion characteristics may be determined one or more radio frequency antennas onboard the train, such as in communication with one or more anchor nodes positioned adjacent the train track. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments motion characteristics may be determined using one or more one or more inertial measurement units (IMUs) onboard the train.