The present disclosure relates to a laser system. The laser system may have at least non-flat gain media disc. At least one pump source may be configured to generate a beam that pumps the non-flat gain media disc. A laser cavity may be formed by the pump source and the non-flat gain media disc. An output coupler may be included for receiving and directing the output beam toward an external component.

A laser device includes a first laser medium and a second laser medium that have a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and receive input of excitation light and seed light from the first surface side to amplify the seed light, a holder that holds the first laser medium and the second laser medium; and a pair of cooling units that cool the first laser medium and the second laser medium according to change in volume of a refrigerant.

A laser apparatus that can generate a high-quality laser beam is provided. The laser apparatus is provided with a laser medium and an insulation layer. The laser medium has a first surface and a second surface. Incident laser light is incident on the first surface. The second surface totally reflects the incident laser light that is incident to the second surface at an incident angle equal to or larger than a critical angle. The insulation layer covers a second area of the second surface that surrounds a first area of the second surface, the first area totally reflecting the incident laser light. The laser medium is exposed in the first area.

A problem with a conventional waveguide type laser device is that in the case in which an isotropic laser medium is used for a core, linearly polarized light is not provided. A ridge waveguide laser device of the present disclosure includes: a substrate; a core joined to the substrate and having a laser medium, the core having a refractive index higher than that of the substrate; and a cladding joined to the core, constituting a ridge waveguide together with the core, and made from a birefringent material having ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices lower than the refractive index of the core, the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices being different.

A laser system, comprised of: a laser cavity; a gain medium a pump, a saturable absorber (SA); a first mirror and a second mirror; wherein a ratio of an area of the beam area within the SA to an area of the laser beam within the gain medium is greater than 1, and wherein the beam generates a gain medium radius spot on the gain medium and a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber such that a ratio between a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber and the gain medium radius spot on the gain medium is within a range of 1.7-7 is disclosed. A method for using the laser system e.g., for producing a pulsed energy is further disclosed.

A difference frequency generation optical transmitter and sum frequency generation optical receiver operating in the mid-infrared wavelength range for use in free space optical satellite communications are described. By using mid-infrared light, the transmitter/receiver can mitigate atmospheric scintillation, scattering, and other non-ideal optical effects in the communication channel. This is achieved through the use of nonlinear optical crystals designed for difference frequency generation in the case of the transmitter and sum frequency generation for the receiver. High-speed modulated communication signals can thus be frequency converted to the mid-infrared wavelength range by a relatively low cost, compact and high-power optical communication system.

An electrodeless laser-driven light source includes a laser that generates a CW sustaining light. A pump laser generates pump light. A Q-switched laser crystal receives the pump light generated by the pump laser and generates pulsed laser light at an output in response to the generated pump light. A first optical element projects the pulsed laser light along a first axis to a breakdown region in a gas-filled bulb comprising an ionizing gas. A second optical element projects the CW sustaining light along a second axis to a CW plasma region in the gas-filled bulb comprising the ionizing gas. A detector detects plasma light generated by a CW plasma and generates a detection signal at an output. A controller generates control signals that control the pump light to the Q-switched laser crystal so as to extinguish the pulsed laser light within a time delay after the detection signal exceeds a threshold level.

A ring laser gyroscope is provided. A light source is configured to generate light of a first wavelength. A plurality primary cavity mirrors are configured to route light of a second wavelength around a primary cavity to a readout device. One primary cavity mirror of the plurality of primary cavity mirrors includes a gain medium. The pumping mirror and the one primary cavity mirror including the gain medium is positioned and configured to reflect the light of the first wavelength back and forth in a pumping cavity through the gain medium, wherein the light of the first wavelength stimulates the gain medium to generate the light of the second wavelength that are reflected around the primary cavity to the readout device.

A solid-state laser device includes an inner container, an outer container, a cooling medium supply unit, and a cover section. The inner container in which a laser medium is accommodated includes an inner light-transmitting unit. An outer light-transmitting unit of the outer container is provided at a part that faces the inner light-transmitting unit and is vacuum-insulated from the inner light-transmitting unit. The cooling medium supply unit supplies a cooling medium so that the cooling medium comes in contact with a surface other than a light input and output surface in the laser medium. The cover section partitions a light-passing area from a cooling medium supply area to which the cooling medium is supplied.

The object of the invention relates to a field of devices for performing treatments in ophthalmology, preferably to a field of devices for selective laser trabeculoplasty and capsulotomy. The essence of a laser therapeutic device for performing treatments in ophthalmology lies in that it is based on a laser source with a short resonator based on a end pumping technique, wherein the pumping is ascertained by a VCSEL light source (vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser). Optimization of constructional and physical properties of a laser source is herewith achieved. The laser source meets all requirements for use in both above-mentioned treatments, wherein the device for capsulotomy is also suited for iridotomy and other surgeries, in which the effects of photodisruption are exploited.