A laser system includes a first laser cavity to output a laser light along a first path, a first mirror to receive the laser light from the first laser cavity, and redirect the laser light along a second path that is different than the first path, a second mirror to receive the laser light from the first mirror, and redirect the laser light along a third path that is different than the first path and the second path, a beam splitter located at a first position on the third path, a beam combiner located at a second position on the third path; and a coupling lens assembly, the coupling lens assembly including a lens located at a third position on the third path, wherein the coupling lens assembly moves the lens in x-, y-, and x-directions.

A system for temporal shaping of a laser pulse. The system includes a flow chamber, the flow chamber having an entry aperture and an exit aperture. A compressed gas supply and a vacuum source are in fluid communication with the flow chamber. A laser is positioned in operative alignment to produce a laser beam that enters the entry aperture and exits the exit aperture. A focusing lens is operatively positioned to focus the laser beam through the entry aperture. A collimating lens is operative positioned to collimate the laser beam exiting the exit aperture. A vacuum regulator is in fluid communication with the vacuum source. The combination of the compressed gas supply and vacuum regulator allow for control of fluid pressure in the flow chamber.

Passively Q-switched lasers and short wave infrared (SWIR) electro-optical systems including such lasers. A passively Q-switched laser may include a gain medium (GM) having a stimulated emission cross section .sub.SE, a saturable absorber (SA) having an absorption cross section (.sub.a) which is less than three times the .sub.SE of the GM, and an optical resonator within which the GM and the SA are positioned, the optical resonator comprising a high reflectivity mirror and an output coupler, wherein at least one of the high reflectivity mirror and the output coupler comprises a curved mirror, directing light within the optical resonator such that an effective cross-section of a laser mode within the SA (A.sub.SA) is smaller than a cross-section of a laser mode within a Rayleigh length of the pump (A.sub.GM).

A laser device including a resonator including a columnar solid-state laser rod, a first reflective film provided on a first end face of the solid-state laser rod, and a second reflective film provided on a second end face of the solid-state laser rod opposite to the first end face; and a flash lamp configured to excite the solid-state laser rod. The first reflective film and the second reflective film are of an ion beam sputtered coating film capable of preventing moisture from entering from outside air. The first reflective film is lower in reflectance than the second reflective film.

An optical resonator for a medical laser system is provided. The optical resonator comprises a lasing medium, an optical pump, and a high-reflective (HR) and an optical coupling (OC) reflector. The HR and OC reflectors are disposed symmetrically relative to the lasing medium and the HR mirror, the OC mirror, or both the HR mirror and the OC mirror are flat mirrors. The optical resonator also includes a doped insert in which the lasing medium is disposed.