A pumped optical ring laser sensor such as a gyroscope includes a pulsed laser source to generate optical pump pulses and a synchronously pumped ring laser. The ring laser is optically pumped by first optical pump pulses from the pulsed laser source that are directed in a clock-wise (CW) direction through the ring laser and by second optical pump pulses from the pulsed laser source that are directed in a counter-clock wise (CCW) direction through the ring laser. The ring laser has an optical resonator that includes a gain medium for producing CW and CCW frequency-shifted pulses from the first and second optical pump pulses. The ring laser further includes a port for receiving the first and second pump pulses and for extracting the CW and CCW frequency-shifted pulses from the ring laser such that the frequency-shifted pulses overlap in time after being extracted to generate a beatnote.

Methods, systems and apparatus are disclosed for delivery of pulsed treatment radiation by employing a pump radiation source generating picosecond pulses at a first wavelength, and a frequency-shifting resonator having a lasing medium and resonant cavity configured to receive the picosecond pulses from the pump source at the first wavelength and to emit radiation at a second wavelength in response thereto, wherein the resonant cavity of the frequency-shifting resonator has a round trip time shorter than the duration of the picosecond pulses generated by the pump radiation source. Methods, systems and apparatus are also disclosed for providing beam uniformity and a sub-harmonic resonator.

An apparatus can be provided which can include a laser arrangement which can be configured to provide a laser radiation, and can include an optical cavity. The optical cavity can include a dispersive optical first arrangement which can be configured to receive and disperse at least one first electro-magnetic radiation so as to provide at least one second electro-magnetic radiation. Such cavity can also include an active optical modulator second arrangement which can be configured to receive and modulate the at least one second radiation so as to provide at least one third electro-magnetic radiation. The optical cavity can further include a dispersive optical third arrangement which can be configured to receive and disperse at least one third electro-magnetic radiation so as to provide at least one fourth electro-magnetic radiation. For example, actions by the first, second and third arrangements can cause a spectral filtering of the fourth electro-magnetic radiation(s) relative to the first electro-magnetic radiation(s). The laser radiation can be associated with the fourth radiation(s), and a wavelength of the laser radiation can be controlled by the spectral filtering caused by the actions by the first, second and third arrangements.

A femtosecond laser oscillator includes a 532 nm pump laser light, a Ti-doped sapphire, a laser resonator, and a dispersion compensation element, etc. The 532 nm pump laser light is radiated via a pump laser light guide device to the Ti-doped sapphire and generates stimulated radiation, the stimulated radiation light oscillates back and forth in the laser resonator and thereby is amplified, and continuous light is outputted. The dispersion compensation element is disposed in the resonator to compensate the dispersion of the outputted laser light resulted from oscillation of the laser light in the resonator to attain a mode locking condition. The mode locking means of the laser against disturbance is implemented in a form of return light outside the resonator, specifically, the emitted continuous light is returned to a femtosecond laser partially and thereby mode locking is achieved, and output of femtosecond pulses is realized.

An electro-optic (EO) sensor and a method for detecting a local electric field strength, the EO sensor including: a first optical cavity; a gain medium within the first optical cavity; a mode locking element within the first optical cavity; and an EO material within the first optical cavity, an effective optical path length of the EO material being variable depending on the local electric field strength at the EO sensor, wherein the gain medium, the mode locking element, and the EO material are arranged in a common path of light within the first optical cavity, and wherein during operation, the EO sensor emits pulses of light at a repetition rate characteristic of an effective optical path length of the light within the first optical cavity, the effective optical path length varying depending on the electric field strength local to the EO sensor.

A detuned resonant mechanism is employed in a laser cavity to modulate in frequency the mode-locking mechanism to achieve high frequency tuning rates, exceeding MHz. The configuration of the laser is compatible with working at sweeping rates close to multiples of the cavity resonance frequency as well as with buffering for increased tuning speeds.

A method of interrogating an absorbing sample includes using a mode-locked laser mode-locked in both a clock-wise (CW) and a counter-clock wise (CCW) direction to generate first and second optical pulses having different repetition rates. One of the first and second optical pulses is directed in a CW direction and the other of the first and second optical pulses is directed in the CCW direction. The first optical pulses are transmitted through the absorbing sample to probe the absorbing sample while the second optical pulses are transmitted through the absorbing sample to act as a local oscillator. An interference pattern produced by interference between the first and second optical pulses is detected after traversing the absorbing sample.

A passive mode-locked laser method and system, the system comprising a nonlinear optical loop comprising a resonant nonlinear element, coupled to an amplification section by a beam splitter, the beam splitter splitting a light beam from the amplification section into light beams propagating in opposite directions around the nonlinear optical loop, the resonant nonlinear element acting as both a nonlinear element and a narrow bandwidth filter for the laser system, allowing mode-locking operation of the system on a single resonance of the resonant nonlinear element.

The present application discloses various embodiments of a high peak power laser system which includes a diode pump source configured to directly pump at least one optical crystal positioned within the laser cavity, the diode pump source emitting at least one pump beam comprised of two or more vertically stacked optical signals having a wavelength from about 400 nm to about 1100 nm., the optical crystal configured to output at least one optical output having a wavelength of about 750 nm to about 1100 nm and having an output power of about 25 kW or more.

Disclosed herein is a single pulse laser apparatus which includes a first mirror and a second mirror disposed at both ends of the single pulse laser apparatus and having reflectivities of a predetermined level or more; a gain medium rotated at a predetermined angle and configured to oscillate a laser beam in a manual mode-locking state; a linear polarizer configured to output a beam having a specific polarized component of the oscillated laser beam; an etalon configured to adjust a pulse width of the oscillated laser beam; and an electro-optic modulator configured to perform Q-switching and single pulse switching.