Certain aspects relate to a ground support cart for charging an electric aircraft. An exemplary ground support cart includes a frame, at least a wheel operatively coupled to the frame and configured to facilitate rolling translation of the ground support cart, a cart battery mounted to the frame and configured to provide a first electrical charging current, a conductor in electric communication with the at least a cart battery, a coolant source mounted to the frame and configured to provide a coolant flow, a hose in fluidic communication with the coolant source, and a controller configured to control the first electrical charging current within the conductor and the coolant flow within the hose.

A battery pack includes a pack case configured to form an appearance, a plurality of battery modules configured to include at least one battery cell; at least one insulation member provided between the plurality of battery modules; and an energy drain unit spaced apart from the insulation member and connected to any one battery module, the energy drain unit being configured to externally short-circuit any one battery module when thermal runaway occurs in at least one battery module.

A power storage device includes: a cell; and a controller that: causes the cell to discharge from a full charge capacity to a set capacity that is set in advance, and executes a full charge capacity correction mode including a remaining capacity calculation operation and capacity consumption calculation operation. In the remaining capacity calculation operation, the controller: acquires a first voltage of the cell at the set capacity in response to the cell discharging from the full charge capacity to the set capacity, and calculates an actual remaining capacity of the cell based on the first voltage and one of a plurality of correlations between a voltage of the cell and a cell capacity.

A state estimator estimates, based on at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of a secondary battery, a state of the secondary battery including a state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery. A discharge controller discharges, when a state of non-use of the secondary battery lasts for a predetermined period of time, the secondary battery such that an indicator indicating easiness of storage deterioration of the secondary battery to progress decreases in stages. The indicator includes a parameter that depends on an SOC of the secondary battery. A value of the indicator and a duration of stay in each stage are set such that a predetermined relationship holds between products in a plurality of stages, each of the products being derived from multiplying the value of the indicator and the duration of stay in each stage.

A power supply system includes a plurality of sweep modules, a defect detecting unit, and a control unit. Each sweep module includes a battery module and a power circuit module. The defect detecting unit detects a defect for each sweep module. The number of sweep modules is greater S (S≥2) than a minimum number of sweep modules required for operation. When the number of defective sweep modules in which a defect has been detected is equal to or less than F (2≤F≤S), the control unit is configured to disconnect the defective sweep modules from a main line and to continuously execute sweep control.

A battery pack having at least one cell module that is connected between a plurality of pack terminals, the battery pack including: at least one thermoelectric element disposed at each of the at least one cell modules; a thermoelectric element power supply circuit configured to supply a driving voltage to the at least one thermoelectric element; and a controller configured to control the thermoelectric element power supply circuit to transfer a first voltage that is supplied for driving the thermoelectric element from a charger as the driving voltage for the at least one thermoelectric element when a temperature of the at least one cell module is out of a first range in a charging mode, the first voltage being different from a second voltage that is a charging voltage supplied to the battery pack from the charger.

Provided is a battery charging system comprising (a) at least one charging circuit to charge at least one rechargeable battery cell; (b) a heat source to provide heat that is transported through a heat spreader element, implemented fully or partially inside said at least one battery cell, to heat up the battery cell to a desired temperature Tc before or during battery charging; and (c) cooling means in thermal contact with the heat spreader element configured to enable transporting internal heat of the battery cell through the heat spreader element to the cooling means when the battery cell is discharged. Charging the battery at Tc enables completion of the battery in less than 15 minutes, typically less than 10 minutes, and more typically less than 5 minutes without adversely impacting the battery structure and performance.

A system comprises an EVSE and an electric vehicle having a precharge mode. To charge a battery, the vehicle is connected to the EVSE. In some cases, the battery is unable to energize power buses. For example, if the battery is too cold and has insufficient charge, then the battery will not energize the power buses. If the battery cannot energize the power buses, then a precharge mode is enabled. During the precharge mode, charge is pumped onto two power buses until a setpoint voltage is reached. For example, a precharge circuit pumps charge onto one power bus and a power converter pumps charge from that bus onto a second bus. Once the setpoint voltage is reached, a current source charger is enabled, and energy stored on both buses is used to facilitate the turn-on of the charger, the precharge mode is disabled, and the EVSE charges the battery.

An apparatus for a non-combustible aerosol provision system is described comprising: a charging unit configured to charge a battery of said aerosol provision system; a circuit comprising a control module, wherein the control module outputs a first control signal having a charge enable state and a charge disable state; and a protection module configured to decouple the circuit from said battery when the battery voltage is below a first threshold level. The charging unit is configured to charge the battery unless the first control signal has the charge disable state.

An energy management system (401) for a kitchen appliance (201), the energy management system (401) comprising: a mains power system, a backup energy storage system (405), and a con-troller (411), wherein the controller (411) is arranged to: determine a state of health of the energy storage system; determine a state of charge of the energy storage system; determine how energy from the energy storage system is to be used based on the determined state of health, the determined state of charge and at least one measured variable obtained from a kitchen appliance (201), and apply the energy to operate at least one function of the kitchen appliance (201).