The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for coding. The methods may include receiving at least two contexts, for each of the at least two contexts, obtaining at least one coding parameter corresponding to the context from at least one lookup table, determining a probability interval value corresponding to the context based on a previous probability interval value and the at least one coding parameter, determining a normalized probability interval value corresponding to the context by performing a normalization operation on the probability interval value, determining a probability interval lower limit corresponding to the context based on a previous probability interval lower limit and the at least one coding parameter, determining a normalized probability interval lower limit corresponding to the context by performing the normalization operation on the probability interval lower limit, and outputting at least one byte based on the normalized probability interval lower limit.

Disclosed herein is a method of performing an arithmetic decoding for data symbols, comprising: creating a decoding table index; obtaining an upper bound value and a lower bound value of a ratio between an interval length and a point within an interval assigned to a symbol from a ROM table; obtaining initial values for a bisection search from a RAM table based on the upper bound value and the lower bound value; and searching a value of sequence in the interval, wherein the interval is determined based on the initial values.

A device (100) for and method of determining clusters of sequences of instances of a first type of data for compacting a data set comprising sequences of instances of the first type of data is provided. Also a method of compacting a data set, a method of transmitting compacted data and a computer program product are provided. In a sequence clustering unit (110) of the device, sequences of a first set of data are clustered on basis of conditional probabilities. Each unique sequence of the first set of data is associated with one or more conditional probabilities that an instance of the second set of data has a specific value given the unique sequence. In the clustering a significant part of the mutual information between the first set of data and the second set of data is maintained.

A method for dealing with respiratory flow data includes steps of: performing integer processing on original flow data to obtain integer flow data; performing difference processing on the integer flow data to obtain difference flow data, the difference flow data having a plurality of difference values in order, the difference values having zero values, positive values, and negative values; when previous one difference value of the zero difference value or one positive difference value is negative, adding a marker value before the difference value that is zero or positive; when previous one difference value of the negative difference value is zero or positive, adding the marker value before the difference value that is negative; performing absolute value processing on the difference flow values to obtain the absolute values; and encoding the absolute values and the marker values to obtain encode flow data. A system using the method is also provided.

An arithmetic encoder is provided for converting an event sequence comprised of a plurality of events to an information sequence comprised of at least one information piece, and includes a core engine for receiving an event of the event sequence, and a probability estimate from a probability estimator, and generating zero or more pieces of the information sequence responsive to the received event and the probability estimate by bounding the ratio of events to information pieces. An arithmetic encoder is provided that is capable of constraining a number of events in at least one event sequence as a function of the number of generated information pieces in at least one information sequence. An arithmetic decoder is provided for converting an information sequence comprised of at least one information piece to an event sequence comprised of a plurality of events, and includes a core engine for processing at least one information piece of the information sequence from the sequencer responsive to a probability estimate received from a probability estimator to generate at least one event by accounting for a bounded ratio of events to information pieces in the information sequence.

A system and method for high-speed transfer of small data sets, that provides near-instantaneous bit-level lossless compression, that is ideal for communications environments that cannot tolerate even small amounts of data corruption, have very low latency tolerance, where data has a low entropy rate, and where every bit costs the user bandwidth, power, or time so that deflation is worthwhile. Where some loss of data can be tolerated, the system and method can be configured for use as lossy compression.

A parameter determination device includes: a spectral envelope estimating portion performing estimation of a spectral envelope using a parameter .sub.0 specified in a predetermined method, regarding the .sub.0-th power of absolute values of a frequency domain sample sequence corresponding to a time-series signal as a power spectrum on the assumption that the parameter .sub.0 and a parameter are positive numbers; a whitened spectral sequence generating portion obtaining a whitened spectral sequence which is a sequence obtained by dividing the frequency domain sample sequence by the spectral envelope; and a parameter acquiring portion determining such a parameter that generalized Gaussian distribution with the parameter as a shape parameter approximates a histogram of the whitened spectral sequence.

A device (100) for and method of determining clusters of sequences of instances of a first type of data for compacting a data set comprising sequences of instances of the first type of data is provided. Also a method of compacting a data set, a method of transmitting compacted data and a computer program product are provided. In a sequence clustering unit (110) of the device, sequences of a first set of data are clustered on basis of conditional probabilities. Each unique sequence of the first set of data is associated with one or more conditional probabilities that an instance of the second set of data has a specific value given the unique sequence. In the clustering a significant part of the mutual information between the first set of data and the second set of data is maintained.

The present application relates to the technical field of automobile inspection. A synchronous screen display method is applied to a controlled end of a vehicle measurement system which includes a control end, the controlled end, and a vehicle measurement support. The method includes: receiving the vehicle image sent by the camera component; sending the vehicle image to the control end, so that the control end determines a vehicle measurement result according to the vehicle image, determines a display interface for displaying the vehicle measurement result, and determines a synchronous display identification code corresponding to the display interface; receiving the vehicle measurement result and the synchronous display identification code sent by the control end; and calling a display interface corresponding to the synchronous display identification code according to the synchronous display identification code, and displaying the vehicle measurement result on the display interface.

A parameter determination device includes: a spectral envelope estimating portion performing estimation of a spectral envelope using a parameter .sub.0 specified in a predetermined method, regarding the .sub.0-th power of absolute values of a frequency domain sample sequence corresponding to a time-series signal as a power spectrum on the assumption that the parameter .sub.0 and a parameter are positive numbers; a whitened spectral sequence generating portion obtaining a whitened spectral sequence which is a sequence obtained by dividing the frequency domain sample sequence by the spectral envelope; and a parameter acquiring portion determining such a parameter that generalized Gaussian distribution with the parameter as a shape parameter approximates a histogram of the whitened spectral sequence.