A network or system in which a hub or primary node may communicate with a plurality of leaf or secondary nodes. The hub node may operate or have a capacity greater than that of the leaf nodes. Accordingly, relatively inexpensive leaf nodes may be deployed to receive data carrying optical signals from, and supply data carrying optical signals to, the hub node. One or more connections may couple each leaf node to the hub node, whereby each connection may include one or more spans or segments of optical fibers, optical amplifiers, optical splitters/combiners, and optical add/drop multiplexer, for example. Optical subcarriers may be transmitted over such connections, each carrying a data stream. The subcarriers may be generated by a combination of a laser and a modulator, such that multiple lasers and modulators are not required, and costs may be reduced. As the bandwidth or capacity requirements of the leaf nodes change, the number of subcarriers, and thus the amount of data provided to each node, may be changed accordingly. Each subcarrier within a dedicated group of subcarriers may carry OAM or control channel information to a corresponding leaf node, and such information may be used by the leaf node to configure the leaf node to have a desired bandwidth or capacity.

Provided are a method for setting a starting position in a time domain of a data channel in a wireless communication system and a device using the method thereof. The method comprises the steps of: receiving position information notifying the position at which data channels start in a plurality of subframes; receiving a control channel in a first downlink subframe; and receiving at least one data channel scheduled by the control channel in the plurality of the downlink subframes, wherein the position at which the data channel starts in the plurality of the downlink subframes is determined on the basis of the position information.

A method and apparatus of a user equipment (UE) for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system. The UE receives first time division duplex (TDD) uplink-downlink configuration information for a first cell and second TDD uplink-downlink configuration information for a second cell, determines whether a subframe in the first cell is a special subframe and the subframe in the second cell is a downlink subframe according to the first and second TDD uplink-downlink configuration information, and determine, if the subframe in the first cell is the special subframe and the subframe in the second cell is the downlink subframe, not to receive a signal on the second cell in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols that overlaps with at least one of a guard period (GP) or uplink pilot time slot in the first cell.

Indicating a attribute of a dynamic subframe in the scenario of applying the dynamic TDD subframe in a time division duplexing system includes: determining, by a user equipment, an attribute of a dynamic subframe, wherein the attribute of the dynamic subframe indicates that the dynamic subframe is an uplink subframe or that the dynamic subframe is a downlink subframe; and performing an information transmission according to the attribute of the dynamic subframe.

A method for transmitting and receiving a signal by a terminal a wireless communication system is disclosed in the present invention. More particularly, the method comprises the steps of: receiving an indicator for changing the usage of a specific subframe corresponding to a sub-component carrier from a network; determining whether near-end crosstalk between the sub-component carrier and another component carrier occurs if the usage of the subframe is changed according to the indicator; and transmitting and receiving a signal to and from the network through the sub-component carrier according to the changed usage if it is determined that the near-end crosstalk does not occur.

A method in a network node for multiplexing a physical channel between the network node and devices in a mixed wireless network, wherein the mixed wireless network comprises a cellular network comprising one or more cellular channels and a Device-to-Device (D2D) network comprising one or more D2D channels. The method includes time division multiplexing the physical channel between a first group of cellular channels and a first group of D2D channels, and frequency division multiplexing the physical channel between a second group of cellular channels and the first group of D2D channels.

An offline communication method includes steps of: receiving, by a first TDD (Time Division Duplexing) terminal, an instruction for setting the first TDD terminal as a D2D (Device-to-Device) terminal device; interchanging, by the first TDD terminal, upstream time slots and downstream time slots thereof, and setting the first TDD terminal to be in a mode of conforming a D2D communication environment in response to said instruction; and searching, in a mode that the upstream time slots and the downstream time slots are interchanged, for a second TDD terminal which is adjacent to the first TDD terminal and is not set as a D2D mode, and establishing a connection therebetween after the second TDD terminal is searched out. By this way, communication between those offline intelligent mobile terminals within a short distance can be carried out.

A system and method for mapping a combined frequency division duplexing (FDD) Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)/Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) downlink subframe for use with half-duplex and full-duplex terminals in a communication system. Embodiments of the downlink subframe vary Forward Error Correction (FEC) types for a given modulation scheme as well as support the implementation of a smart antenna at a base station in the communication system. Embodiments of the system are also used in a TDD communication system to support the implementation of smart antennae. A scheduling algorithm allows TDM and TDMA portions of a downlink to efficiently co-exist in the same downlink subframe and simultaneously support full and half-duplex terminals.

Methods and systems are disclosed for use by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) operating in a coverage enhanced (CE) or coverage enhancement mode. The WTRU may receive a first Time Division Duplex (TDD) uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) subframe configuration and may receive a second TDD UL/DL subframe configuration. The WTRU may determine one or more subframes to use for receiving DL repetitions based on the first TDD UL/DL subframe configuration, and one or more subframes to use for transmitting UL repetitions based on the second TDD UL/DL subframe configuration. The WTRU may receive DL repetitions of a DL signal only in the determined one or more subframes for receiving DL repetitions, and may transmit UL repetitions of a UL signal only in the determined one or more subframes for transmitting UL repetitions. The WTRU may receive a TDD transmission using enhanced Interference Mitigation and Traffic Adaptation (eIMTA) capability.

A transmitter, a receiver and methods therein, configured to transmit a first type of synchronisation signal, in M.sub.1 symbols l.sub.i,, 0≤i≤(M.sub.1−1) and a second type of synchronisation signal in M.sub.2 symbols k.sub.j,, 0≤j≤(M.sub.2−1) of a subframe, wherein M.sub.2≥M.sub.1≥2. The transmitter comprises a processor, configured to determine in which symbols l.sub.i the synchronisation signal of the first type is to be transmitted, and in addition configured to calculate in which symbols k.sub.j, the synchronisation signal of the second type is to be transmitted, by placing each of the M.sub.2 symbols k.sub.j at a symbol distance from an associated symbol l.sub.i. The transmitter also comprises a transmitting circuit configured to transmit the synchronisation signals of the first type in the M.sub.1 symbols l.sub.i, and transmitting the synchronisation signals of the second type in the M.sub.2 symbols k.sub.j.