An optical module configured to electrically connect to a host. A linear equalizer performs equalization on a host equalized signal to create a module equalized signal, and a driver configured to present the module equalized signal from the linear equalizer to an optical conversion device at a magnitude suitable for the optical conversion device. An optical conversion device receives the module equalized signal from the driver, converts the module equalized signal to an optical signal, and transmit the optical signal over an optical channel. Also part of the optical module is an interface which communicates supplemental equalizer settings to the host. A memory stores the supplemental equalizer settings which reflect the optical modules effect on a signal passing through the optical module. A controller oversees communication of the supplemental equalizer settings to the host such that the host uses the supplemental equalizer settings to modify host equalizer settings.

A method for signal transmission using precoded symbol information involves estimating a two-dimensional model of a communication channel in a delay-Doppler domain. A perturbation vector is determined in a delay-time domain wherein the delay-time domain is related to the delay-Doppler domain by an FFT operation. User symbols are modified based upon the perturbation vector so as to produce perturbed user symbols. A set of Tomlinson-Harashima precoders corresponding to a set of fixed times in the delay-time domain may then be determined using a delay-time model of the communication channel. Precoded user symbols are generated by applying the Tomlinson-Harashima precoders to the perturbed user symbols. A modulated signal is then generated based upon the precoded user symbols and provided for transmission over the communication channel.

A method for performing, by a UE, precoding using a codebook in a wireless communication system includes: receiving a reference signal for channel estimation from an eNB; estimating a channel through the received reference signal; determining a precoding matrix related to the estimated channel in a codebook; and feeding back, to the eNB, a precoding matrix index (PMI) corresponding to the determined precoding matrix, wherein the codebook is generated in consideration of at least one of a region to which the UE belongs and the position of the UE.

A method of feedback in a wireless transmit receive unit includes providing a precoding matrix index (PMI), error checking the (PMI) to produce an error check (EC) bit, coding the PMI and the EC bit and transmitting the coded PMI and EC bit.

A system for compensating wire characteristics includes a transmission pre-emphasis module of a transmission transceiver that sends high level pre-emphasis training bits and low level pre-emphasis training bits along a wired connection, a reception pre-emphasis module of a receiver that receives the high level pre-emphasis training bits and low level pre-emphasis training bits along the wired connection, a pre-emphasis analysis module of the receiver that analyzes the high level pre-emphasis training bits and low level pre-emphasis training bits to determine a pre-emphasis level. The system further includes a controller that interfaces with the transmission transceiver and the receiver, the controller communicates the pre-emphasis level to the transmission transceiver.

Example channel measurement methods and communications apparatus are described. One example method includes receiving a precoded reference signal by a terminal device, where the precoded reference signal is obtained by precoding a reference signal based on K angle vectors and L delay vectors. First indication information is generated and sent, where the first indication information is used to indicate P weighting coefficients corresponding to P angle-delay pairs. The P weighting coefficients are determined by using the precoded reference signal. The P angle-delay pairs and the P weighting coefficients corresponding to the P angle-delay pairs are used to determine a precoding matrix. Each angle-delay pair includes one of the K angle vectors and one of the L delay vectors. The K angle vectors and the L delay vectors are determined based on uplink channel measurement.

Provided are a method and device for determining precoding, a method and device for detecting data, a storage medium and an electronic device. The method for determining precoding includes: receiving, by a first communication node, a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) sent by a second communication node; and determining a precoding matrix used on a control channel according to the PMI and a precoding parameter; where the precoding parameter includes at least one of: a PMI delay, the number of repetitions of the control channel, an aggregation level of the control channel, a candidate resource of the control channel, a starting physical resource block (PRB) sequence number of the control channel, a repetition resource group of the control channel, or a PRB set of the control channel.

A polar transmitter is provided. The polar transmitter includes a baseband generation unit configured to generate phase data bits and amplitude data bits of an output pulse. The polar transmitter further includes a bandwidth control unit downstream to the baseband generation unit configured to regulate the width of the output pulse. Moreover, the polar transmitter includes a pulse shaping unit downstream to the bandwidth control unit configured to generate a predefined amplitude envelope of the output pulse. In this context, the pulse shaping unit includes a delay-line with a plurality of taps, where each tap output is configured to be amplitude weighted in order to generate the amplitude envelope of the output pulse.

An operating method of a communication device for providing a beamformed transmission signal to a plurality of terminals may include determining a target transmission vector based on an area restriction condition for each of the plurality of terminals, generating a beam selection matrix for selecting some of a plurality of antennas based on the target transmission vector and a beam selection condition, generating a precoding matrix based on the target transmission vector and the beam selection matrix, and generating a transmission signal based on the beam selection matrix and the precoding matrix.

A digital signal processing (DSP) device includes a first fitter to equalize channel dispersion associated with signal transmission through a medium, a second filter to cancel channel reflections, and a third filter to at least reduce noise. The DSP device is a receiver DSP of the SERDES.