Systems and methods for wireless communications are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a wireless communication method includes applying, by a base station, code sequences or scrambling codes to repetitions of broadcast information of a plurality of resources of a cell of the base station. Each of the code sequence or the scrambling codes being specific to a corresponding one of the plurality of resources. Each of the plurality of resources is a beam of the cell. In addition, the base station transmits, to a wireless communication device, the repetitions of the broadcast information with the code sequences or the scrambling codes applied.

A multiple access method, a multiple access transmitter, and a multiple access receiver includes performing, by a transmitter, channel coding on a bit sequence to determine a coded sequence. The method also includes interleaving and/or scrambling the coded sequence, and performing multidimensional constellation modulation on the interleaved and/or scrambled sequence; performing grid mapping on the modulated symbol sequence to determine a mapped sequence, and transmitting the mapped sequence. The method also includes receiving, by a receiver, mixed signals from multiple transmitters, the mixed signals are obtained by performing, by each of the multiple transmitters, interleaving and/or scrambling, multidimensional constellation modulation and grid mapping on data. The method further includes decoding, by the receiver, mixed information according to interleaver information and/or scrambler information, multidimensional constellation information and grid mapping pattern information corresponding to each transmitter to obtain data corresponding to each transmitter.

In a distribution shaping method, information compression and distribution shaping are executed at the same time. A symbol sequence of a predetermined length is allocated to an input bit sequence of a predetermined length on a one-to-one basis. In the allocation, a bit sequence smaller in entropy is allocated a symbol sequence smaller in average power.

A method and apparatus for scrambling and descrambling data in a computer system includes transmitting non-scrambled data from a first high speed inter chip (IP) link circuit located on a first chip to a first serializer/deserializer (SERDES) physical (PHY) circuit located on the first chip, the first high speed link IP indicating the data is not scrambled. The received non-scrambled data is scrambled by the first SERDES PHY circuit and transmitted to a second chip. The received scrambled data is descrambled by a second SERDES PHY circuit located on the second chip. The non-scrambled data is transmitted by the second SERDES PHY circuit to a second high speed link IP circuit located on the second chip to a third circuit for further processing or transmission.

The present disclosure relates to a channel estimation method of a wireless communication device. The channel estimation method includes descrambling a pilot signal having a unit symbol, dividing the descrambled pilot signal, and estimating a channel value of the wireless communication device. The descrambled pilot signal may be divided into a plurality of frequency resources with a first frequency resource and a second frequency resource and generating a first signal chunk with the first frequency resource and a second signal chunk with the second frequency resource. The channel value of the wireless communication device may be estimated based on the first signal chunk and the second signal chunk.

High-speed communication links with self-aligned scrambling on a communication link that sends scrambled signals may include a slave device that may self-align by initially detecting an unscrambled preamble symbol and more particularly detect an edge of the unscrambled preamble symbol. Based on the detected edge, a fine alignment adjustment may be made by testing subsequent scrambled data for a repeated pattern such as an IDLE symbol by comparing the repeated pattern to a candidate scrambled sequence that has been received through the communication link. The comparison may use an exclusive OR (XOR) circuit on some bits to derive a scrambler seed that is used to test for a match for the remaining bits. If there is a match, the scrambler seed and frame alignment have been detected and alignment is achieved.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatuses for wireless communication that can be used to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of data transmissions by increasing the degree of randomness with which data is scrambled for transmission over a wireless medium. In some implementations, a transmitting device may determine a set of scrambling initialization bits, and may generate a scrambling sequence based on the set of scrambling initialization bits and an 11.sup.th-order polynomial. The transmitting device may provide an indication of the set of scrambling initialization bits in a physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU). The transmitting device may scramble one or more portions of the PPDU based on the scrambling sequence. The transmitting device may transmit the PPDU over a wireless medium. In some instances, the set of scrambling initialization bits consists of 11 bits, and may be included in a Service field of the PPDU.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A transmitting device may select a scrambling sequence to use per symbol to reduce variance in a non-linearity parameter for a power amplifier (PA) output between a data symbol and a pilot symbol based on a PA model for at least one pilot symbol or one or more parameters of the model. The receiving device may indicate a capability to blindly estimate the scrambling sequence the transmitting device selected to the transmitting device. If the transmitting device does not receive the capability message from the receiving device or if the capability message indicates the receiving device is not capable of blind estimation, the transmitting device may indicate the selected scrambling sequence to the receiving device. Otherwise, the transmitting device may not indicate the selected scrambling sequence to the receiving device, and the receiving device may blindly estimate the scrambling sequence.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to assigning scrambling identifiers to user equipments. A first scrambling identifier can be assigned to each user equipment of a group, such that the first scrambling identifier is the same for each of the user equipments of the group. A second scrambling identifier can be assigned to each of the user equipments of the group, such that the second scrambling identifier is different for each of the user equipments of the group. A selected scrambling identifier can be used to generate a reference signal sequence.

Efficient downlink transmission is implemented. A terminal apparatus includes: a receiver configured to receive a sequence of bits in a physical downlink control channel, wherein the sequence of bits is scrambled with a scrambling sequence initialized by c.sub.init, the c.sub.init is given based at least on N.sub.ID and N.sub.RNTI, the N.sub.ID is given based at least on a higher layer parameter Control-scrambling-Identity in a case that the higher layer parameter Control-scrambling-Identity is configured and the N.sub.RNTI is given based at least on a Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI), and the N.sub.ID is given based at least on a physical layer cell identity in a case that the higher layer parameter Control-scrambling-Identity is configured and the N.sub.RNTI is not given based on the C-RNTI.