The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method for replacement of a DNN and/or S-NSSAI in a wireless communication system is provided.

A first network device may receive a protocol data unit (PDU) session establishment or modification request, and may perform one or more actions based on the PDU session establishment or modification request. The first network device may receive, based on performing the one or more actions, a first message indicating that the PDU session is authenticated and authorized, and may select a second network device associated with establishing or modifying a management policy for the PDU session. The first network device may receive, from the second network device, a second message indicating whether to wait for receipt of a charging data response, to a charging data request, before interacting with a third network device, and may provide the charging data request to a fourth network device while interacting with the third network device when the second message indicates not to wait for receipt of the charging data response.

This application discloses data transmission that includes: dividing to-be-transmitted content into a plurality of data units at a session layer; transmitting the data units to the target terminal device by using a first transmission channel as a responsible channel of the to-be-transmitted content; distributing, by the session layer in a case that the session layer switches the responsible channel of the to-be-transmitted content from the first transmission channel to a second transmission channel with a different transmission protocol, the data units to the second transmission channel; and transmitting the data units distributed by the session layer to the target terminal device through the second transmission channel. In data transmission in this application, the session layer controls switching of the channels and distribution of the data units, so that the transmission sequence is free from constraints of protocols and the degree of freedom in data transmission is increased.

This application discloses data transmission that includes: dividing to-be-transmitted content into a plurality of data units at a session layer; transmitting the data units to the target terminal device by using a first transmission channel as a responsible channel of the to-be-transmitted content; distributing, by the session layer in a case that the session layer switches the responsible channel of the to-be-transmitted content from the first transmission channel to a second transmission channel with a different transmission protocol, the data units to the second transmission channel; and transmitting the data units distributed by the session layer to the target terminal device through the second transmission channel. In data transmission in this application, the session layer controls switching of the channels and distribution of the data units, so that the transmission sequence is free from constraints of protocols and the degree of freedom in data transmission is increased.

A method for providing a translating virtual network function by a network element. The method comprises receiving by the network element a first Packet Forwarding Control Protocol (PFCP) message of a plurality of PFCP messages at a first Internet Protocol (IP) address of a plurality of IP addresses of the network element, the first IP address corresponding to a first Session Management Function (SMF) of one or more SMFs, selecting by the network element a translation method based on the first IP address on which the first PFCP message was received, translating by the network element the first PFCP message using the selected translation method into a function-based model representation of the first PFCP message, and configuring by the network element a network interface controller to implement, based on the representation of the first PFCP message, a protocol data unit (PDU) session.

A method for providing a translating virtual network function by a network element. The method comprises receiving by the network element a first Packet Forwarding Control Protocol (PFCP) message of a plurality of PFCP messages at a first Internet Protocol (IP) address of a plurality of IP addresses of the network element, the first IP address corresponding to a first Session Management Function (SMF) of one or more SMFs, selecting by the network element a translation method based on the first IP address on which the first PFCP message was received, translating by the network element the first PFCP message using the selected translation method into a function-based model representation of the first PFCP message, and configuring by the network element a network interface controller to implement, based on the representation of the first PFCP message, a protocol data unit (PDU) session.

A frame synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment includes a reception unit, a frame memory, a time generation unit, a reception time acquisition unit, a timestamp acquisition unit, and a control unit. The reception unit is configured to receive packet data including video data and a timestamp. The frame memory is configured to store the packet data. The time generation unit is configured to generate a time based on a reference synchronization signal. The reception time acquisition unit is configured to acquire a reception time of packet data satisfying a condition based on the time. The timestamp acquisition unit is configured to acquire a timestamp from the packet data satisfying the condition. The control unit is configured to read packet data from the frame memory in accordance with a variation in a difference between the reception time and a time indicated by the timestamp.

Wireless communication methods are described for a user plane integrity protection failure detection and handling, determination and management of integrity protection enabled data rate that exceeds or is close to exceeding a user equipment's capability or threshold, and management of integrity protection or encryption mechanisms in a dual-connectivity system that includes a master network node and a secondary network node.

Wireless communication methods are described for a user plane integrity protection failure detection and handling, determination and management of integrity protection enabled data rate that exceeds or is close to exceeding a user equipment's capability or threshold, and management of integrity protection or encryption mechanisms in a dual-connectivity system that includes a master network node and a secondary network node.

A method of processing session initiation protocol (SIP) call flows, the method comprising, at a back-to-back user agent (B2BUA) configuring a media user agent (UA) layer to interface between a SIP UA layer and a Media B2BUA layer. for call flow operation in the SIP UA layer to Media B2B UA layer direction, the configuring comprises, at the media UA layer first mapping each message received from the SIP UA layer comprised of one of a plurality of SIP layer message types into one of a SDP offer message type, a SDP answer message type and a third message type different from the SDP offer message and SDP answer types, and passing each first mapped message to the Media B2B UA layer for processing.