A method for offloading data traffic involves: receiving, from a first computing device carrying out an anchor session management function, a request to insert an intermediate session management function in a signaling path, wherein the request includes a data network access identifier of a data network to which the data traffic is to be offloaded; using the data network access identifier, selecting a second computing device to carry out an intermediate session management function; and transmitting a message to the second computing device to create a context for the wireless communication device.

Methods, apparatus, and systems that can be implemented to associate User Datagram Protocol (UDP) based connection identifiers with appropriate Quality of Service (QoS) flows are disclosed to enable Access Traffic Steering, Switching and Splitting functionality at lower layers and to allow accurate measurements of Round-Trip Time for all traffic on a session. In one example aspect, a wireless communication method includes determining, by one or more nodes in a core network for a session that comprises at least one QoS flow, at least two identifiers identifying two connections associated with the at least one QoS flow. The two connections are established according to a UDP based protocol. The method also includes establishing, by the one or more nodes in the core network, a mapping between the at least two connection identifiers and the at least one QoS flow.

This application provides a service traffic steering method and an apparatus, to improve user experience. The method includes: A first network device determines at least one second terminal device, where first quality of experience corresponding to a first service flow of the second terminal device does not meet target quality of experience corresponding to the first service flow of the second terminal device. The first network device determines a target radio access network device, where the target radio access network device meets the target quality of experience corresponding to the first service flow of the at least one second terminal device. The first network device connects the first service flow of the at least one second terminal device to the target radio access network device.

A method for splitting end-to-end QoS requirement information, a terminal, and a network side device, the method comprising: a target device splits end-to-end QoS requirement information into PC5-segment QoS information and Uu-segment QoS information, the target device comprising a target UE and an access network device.

Systems and methods are provided for providing differential treatment to user traffic involving optimized reporting of start and stop traffic. The systems and method can include detecting, at a user plane function, an initiation of a type of traffic being performed at the user plane function, providing, by the user plane function, a start event trigger of the type of traffic detected by the user plane function to a session management function, and receiving, at the user plane function, a policy associated with the type of traffic from the session management function, the policy including instructions preventing submissions of subsequent event triggers to the session management function until an end of the type of traffic, the subsequent event triggers being associated with the type of traffic detected by the user plane function.

The invention relates to network nodes for handling non-fulfilment of QoS requirements in wireless communication systems. A first network node obtains QoS requirements associated with a PDU session of a client device application. When the QoS requirements will not be met in a core network, the first network node transmits a first QoS notification to a second network node, wherein the first QoS notification indicates that the one or more QoS requirements will not be met in the core network. When the QoS requirements will not be met in a radio access network, the first network node transmits a second QoS notification to a master node, wherein the second QoS notification indicates that the one or more QoS requirements will not be met in the radio access network. Furthermore, the invention also relates to corresponding methods and computer program.

Systems and methods described herein employ an allocation and retention priority for user equipment (UE), referred to as a UE ARP. The UE ARP may be defined per network slice, such that a subscriber can have different priority in different slices. According to one implementation, a network device receives, from a UE device, a registration request requesting access to a network slice and obtains a UE ARP. The UE ARP associates the UE device with a priority level on the network slice. When the network device determines that a maximum number of terminals are using the network slice, it applies the priority level in the UE ARP to grant or deny the UE device access to the network slice.

A method for updating network function profiles in a telecommunications network includes registering, by a producer network function, a network function profile with a network function repository function (NRF), the network function profile specifying at least one serving scope or discoverable parameters by consumer NFs. The method includes determining that a load level of the producer network function has exceeded a first threshold. The method includes, in response to determining that the load level of the producer network function has exceeded the first threshold, updating the network function profile at the NRF to reduce the serving scope.

Rapid and data-efficient training of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm are disclosed. Ground truth data are not available and a policy must be learned based on limited interactions with a system. A policy bank is used to explore different policies on a target system with shallow probing. A target policy is chosen by comparing a good policy from the shallow probing with a base target policy which has evolved over other learning experiences. The target policy then interacts with the target system and a replay buffer is built up. The base target policy is then updated using gradients found with respect to the transition experience stored in the replay buffer. The base target policy is quickly learned and is robust for application to new, unseen, systems.

Systems, methods, and software of managing bandwidth allocated to User Equipment (UE). In one embodiment, a bandwidth management system collects cell load information for a plurality of cells within a Radio Access Network (RAN), and processes the cell load information to determine a cell load status for each of the cells. The system performs bandwidth throttling for the UE by determining a location of the UE, identifying the cell load status for one or more cells in a region of the RAN corresponding with the location of the UE, determining whether the region of the RAN is overloaded based on the cell load status, and controlling a downgrade of bandwidth allocated to the UE in the RAN responsive to a determination that the region is overloaded.