A method of managing network traffic in a telecommunications network, the telecommunications network having a plurality of network slices and a User Equipment (UE), wherein the UE is allocated to a first network slice for processing a network communication from the UE, the method comprising the steps of: monitoring a suitability of the first network slice to process the network communication; identifying a second network slice that is suitable for processing the network communication; and in response to identifying a lack of suitability of the first network slice to process the network communication, redirecting the network communication to the second network slice whilst the UE remains registered with the first network slice.

When a packet data session is established for a user equipment (UE), a comparative assessment of load information factors from different sets of load information factors associated with a plurality of user plane function (UPF) instances may be performed. Each set of load information factors of a UPF instance may include predicted load information factors indicative of a predicted load at the UPF instance. A UPF instance may be selected for the packet data session of the UE based on the comparative assessment. The comparative assessment may additionally consider a predicted load contribution of the packet data session to be established for the UE. A data analytics function may utilize a model (e.g. a multiple linear regression model) to calculate predicted load contribution factors, where the model is derived based on historical usage data from previous sessions of one or more UEs, for example, data from charging data records (CDRs).

A wireless device includes first and second transceivers for wireless communication and is operable to switch between first and second states, with the second state at least partly prohibiting communication by the first transceiver. The wireless device is configured to perform a control method which involves sharing of state data among wireless devices. According to the method, the wireless device receives, by the second transceiver, a state indicator and confidence data from one or more other wireless devices. The state indicator indicates a current state of the respective other wireless device, and the confidence data is indicative of a confidence of the current state. The control method sets the wireless device in the first or second state based on the state indicator and the confidence data.

This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: A first access point detects a channel. If the first access point detects an idle first channel, the first access point sends a first trigger frame to at least one second access point, where the first trigger frame is used to trigger the at least one second access point to send data on the first channel after a first preset time period elapses. In this way, an existing CSMA channel detection mechanism may be compatible with the method, and a conflict caused by contention of a plurality of APs for a channel at the same time can be avoided, which helps improve network transmission efficiency, and helps improve transmission performance.

Methods and apparatus for dynamic load balancing in a heterogeneous network are disclosed. In the present invention, incoming user packet flows are dynamically distributed to available links based on the weights determined for each link. The weights are determined based on link conditions, location information, user inputs, or a combination thereof. The link conditions include the delay, latency, jitter, drop rate, throughput, received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value, and collision for each link. The user inputs are used to provide user policies including carrier preference, link preference and usage limits. The location information is used to derive a geofencing policy provided by a GPS device. The incoming user packet flows distribution is periodic re-balanced according to a re-balance table. The re-balance table consists of catch-up values generated from a normalized flow hash table and a normalized fairness target table.

In some implementations, a message indicating a request for delivery of data to user equipment (UE) (e.g. an IoT device) operative for communications in a mobile network may be received from an application server. One or more first loading or congestion indication values indicative of a first loading or congestion at one or more first network nodes along a first mobile network route may be obtained. In addition, one or more second loading or congestion indication values indicative of a second loading or congestion at one or more second network nodes along a second mobile network route may be obtained. The first or the second mobile network route may be selected based on at least one of the one or more first and the second loading or congestion indication values. The data may be delivered to the UE over the selected mobile network route.

Limiting dual connectivity in a wireless sector served by at least two wireless air interfaces includes monitoring a pairing efficiency metric of wireless devices in the wireless sector. When the pairing efficiency metric rises above a threshold, a maximum number of wireless devices able to attach to one of the at least two wireless air interfaces is increased, and when the pairing efficiency metric falls below the threshold, the maximum number of wireless devices able to attach to one of the at least two wireless air interfaces is decreased. The wireless air interface for which dual connectivity is limited can be a 5G interface, and load is alleviated by limiting dual connectivity thereto.

A load balancing apparatus and method for a wireless communications system, and a base station. The apparatus includes: an interference monitoring part, configured to monitor interference between small cells during load balancing; and a load balancing control part, configured to adjust load balancing according to the interference between the small cells that is monitored by the interference monitoring part.

A terminal device includes: a pedestrian-to-vehicle communication device configured to communicate with an in-vehicle terminal by using a first communication method, in which direct communication is performed as pedestrian-to-vehicle communication; a wireless LAN communication device configured to communicate with the in-vehicle terminal by using a second communication method, in which indirect communication is performed via a roadside device disposed on or near a road; and a controller configured to determine whether or not the terminal device is in a risky state based on state information indicating a state of the terminal device, and select either one of the first communication method, in which direct communication is used and the second communication method, in which indirect communication is used, based on a result of the determination.

A system for dynamically modifying a buffer in a network deploying multiple carriers is provided. Each carrier operating over the network utilizes a radio access technology (RAT). The system includes a network load monitoring processor that measures a network load on carriers using a first RAT to produce a measured value and a buffer management processor that receives the measured value, performs a comparison of the measured value with a predetermined value, and dynamically modifies a size of the buffer when the measured value exceeds the predetermined value.