An enterprise private network includes a simplified Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) core architecture for interworking between an Evolved Packet System (EPS) and a Fifth Generation (5G) system (5GS). The architecture includes an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) control plane (CP) (EPC CP) unit and a 5G core (5GC) CP (5GC CP) unit. The 5GC CP unit receives, from the EPC CP unit via an N26 interface, a message indicating a forward relocation request responsive to an indication of a handover of a Packet Data Network (PDN) connection at a user plane node from the EPS to the 5GS. The 5GC CP node establishes a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session corresponding to the PDN connection based on PDN connection information in the message, which includes establishing a Quality of Service (QoS) Flow corresponding to an EPS bearer, and manages the PDU session at the user plane node.

The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for distinguishing between data formats, and a communication device. The method includes a terminal receives a downlink data packet, and determines whether the data format of the downlink data packet is a first data format or a second data format, wherein the first data format indicates that the downlink data packet is encrypted using a first key of a source base station and/or compressed using a first header compression format of the source base station, and the second data format indicates that the downlink data packet is encrypted using a second key of a target base station and/or compressed using a second header compression format of the target base station.

Handover process-based message transmitting methods and apparatuses for mobile communication are provided. A control parameter of quality of service (QoS) notification control (QNC) of a non-GBR bearer flow is transmitted by a source access network device to a target access network device during a handover process, so that the target access network device transmits a notification message to an application entity via a core network entity in a case that a change in a parameter value of the QNC of the non-GBR bearer flow after the handover is completed meets a reporting condition. The control parameter of the QNC indicates a parameter of the QNC of the non-GBR bearer flow and the reporting condition.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for implementing reflective quality of service (RQoS) in wireless communication systems. A method for implementing RQoS that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) generally includes receiving a plurality of downlink user data packets from a first base station (BS), determining at least one reflective quality of service (RQoS) mapping rule for one or more uplink packet transmissions based on a subset of the plurality of downlink user data packets, filtering the plurality of downlink user data packets based on the at least one RQoS mapping rule, and forwarding the plurality of downlink user data packets to a corresponding application entity of the UE based on the filtering.

Procedures, systems, and devices for addressing quality of service (QoS) during an inter-system change of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) are discussed herein. A WTRU may send a packet data unit (PDU) modification request to a network node, such as a session management function (SMF) device, indicating support for reflective quality of services (RQoS). In response to the modification request, the WTRU may then receive an acknowledgement, after which the WTRU may then be able to send data for a PDU of a specific RQoS. The RQoS may be specific to a single PDU or a plurality of PDUs. The modification request may include Session Management (SM) and/or Mobility Management (MM) information. The modification request may be included in an attach procedure or a tracking area update (TAU).

Disclosed is technology for applying a differential QoS, that is, service quality for each communication service by implementing a differential QoS control in a radio section in a more detailed unit without an increase in complexity and load compared to a conventional bearer-based QoS control method.

In a communication method, a first access network device sends first information to a second access network device, where the first information is used to indicate that the first access network device has notified a core network device that a quality of service requirement of at least one quality of service flow cannot be met; the second access network device may send second information to the core network device, where the second information is used to notify the core network device that a quality of service requirement of a first quality of service flow in the at least one quality of service flow can be met, and the first quality of service flow is a quality of service flow that has been handed over from the first access network device to the second access network device.

Procedures, systems, and devices for addressing quality of service (QoS) during an inter-system change of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) are discussed herein. A WTRU may send a packet data unit (PDU) modification request to a network node, such as a session management function (SMF) device, indicating support for reflective quality of services (RQoS). In response to the modification request, the WTRU may then receive an acknowledgment, after which the WTRU may then be able to send data for a PDU of a specific RQoS. The RQoS may be specific to a single PDU or a plurality of PDUs. The modification request may include Session Management (SM) and/or Mobility Management (MM) information. The modification request may be included in an attach procedure or a tracking area update (TAU).

A method includes a first access network device that sends first indication information to a second access network device. The first indication information indicates information about a current active BWP and/or transmission rate information of a terminal device on the first access network device. The second access network device determines information about a first-time active BWP and/or BWP configuration information of the terminal device on the second access network device based on the first indication information. The method may be used to enable the second access network device to determine the appropriate information about the first-time active BWP and/or the appropriate BWP configuration information of the terminal device on the second access network device. In this way, service interruption caused by switching of an active BWP is reduced, and/or service interruption caused by changing of a BWP configuration is reduced.

Radio link Failure (RLF) reporting operation in a wireless communication system using multiple cells is disclosed. According to this operation, when a first cell and a second cell are simultaneously connected to a UE and the first cell and the second cell are of different base stations (a first base station and a second base station respectively), if the RLF with the UE on the first cell is detected by the first base station, the first base station may transmits an indication of the RLF with the UE on the first cell to the second base station.