An apparatus for transmitting broadcasting signal using transmitter identification scaled by 4-bit injection level code and method using the same are disclosed. An apparatus for transmitting broadcasting signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a waveform generator configured to generate a host broadcasting signal; a transmitter identification signal generator configured to generate a transmitter identification signal for identifying a transmitter, the transmitter identification signal scaled by an injection level code; and a combiner configured to inject the transmitter identification signal into the host broadcasting signal in a time domain so that the transmitter identification signal is transmitted synchronously with the host broadcasting signal.

A random access power control apparatus and method and a communication system. The random access power control apparatus includes: a first calculating unit configured to, by using a pathloss estimated based on an synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block and/or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) currently selected by a UE, calculate transmission power used by the UE in transmitting random access preambles. Hence, the UE may be adapted to UE random access procedures in such complex scenarios as multiple beams.

In one embodiment, a method comprises: determining, by a constrained network device in a low power and lossy network (LLN), a self-estimated density value of neighboring LLN devices based on wirelessly receiving an identified number of beacon message transmissions within an identified time interval from neighboring transmitting LLN devices in the LLN; setting, by the constrained network device, a first wireless transmit power value based on the self-estimated density value; and transmitting a beacon message at the first wireless transmit power value, the beacon message specifying the self-estimated density value, a corresponding trust metric for the self-estimated density value, and the first wireless transmit power value used by the constrained network device for transmitting the beacon message.

In one embodiment, a method comprises: determining, by a constrained network device in a low power and lossy network (LLN), a self-estimated density value of neighboring LLN devices based on wirelessly receiving an identified number of beacon message transmissions within an identified time interval from neighboring transmitting LLN devices in the LLN; setting, by the constrained network device, a first wireless transmit power value based on the self-estimated density value; and transmitting a beacon message at the first wireless transmit power value, the beacon message specifying the self-estimated density value, a corresponding trust metric for the self-estimated density value, and the first wireless transmit power value used by the constrained network device for transmitting the beacon message.

A mesh network includes multiple in-band on-channel (IBOC) transceivers, connected in a mesh configuration. A first IBOC transceiver receives first broadcast content for IBOC transmission, and transmits the first broadcast content to a second IBOC transceiver, which broadcasts the first broadcast content within a first IBOC broadcast area. the second IBOC transceiver receives feedback related to the first broadcast content from a user device within the first IBOC broadcast area, and transmits the feedback to an edge transceiver via a communication path including the first IBOC transceiver.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for synchronization signal block reception and synchronization signal block transmission. One apparatus for synchronization signal block reception includes a receiver that receives multiple synchronization signal blocks. The multiple synchronization signal blocks have different power levels corresponding to at least two synchronization signal blocks of the multiple synchronization signal blocks.

A power control method and a power control apparatus, the method including determining a path loss estimate between a first terminal device and the second terminal device, determining a transmit power of a signal based on the path loss estimate between the first terminal device and the second terminal device and further based on a path loss estimate between a network device and the second terminal device, and sending, by the second terminal device, the signal to the first terminal device based on the transmit power of the signal. The signal is a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and the transmit power of the PSSCH is determined according to at least a maximum transmit power of the PSSCH, a target receive power of the PSSCH, the path loss estimate between the first terminal device and the second terminal device, and a target receive power of the PSSCH.

A modular autonomous cart assembly for transporting an item being shipped is described with a sensor-equipped mobility base that carries the item(s), a modular cart handle, a sensor-equipped modular mobile cart autonomy control module detachably attached to the modular handle, all sharing a modular common power and data transport bus. The autonomous controller of the modular control module is programmatically adapted operative to establish a secure connection to a wireless mobile courier node, locate the courier node and the cart assembly, receive sensor data from the base and control module sensors, generate steering and propulsion control commands using the locations and sensor data and send them to a controller on the mobility base so that the assembly can autonomously track and follow the current location of the courier node as the courier node moves and while maintaining a predetermined follow distance from the current location of the courier node.

A modular autonomous bot apparatus assembly is described for transporting an item being shipped. The assembly includes a modular mobility base having propulsion, steering, sensors for collision avoidance, and suspension actuators; a modular auxiliary power module with a power source and cargo door; a modular cargo storage system with folding structural walls and a latching system; and a modular mobile autonomy module that covers the cargo storage system and provides human interaction interfaces, externals sensors, a wireless interface, and an autonomous controller with interfacing circuitry coupled to the human interaction interfaces and sensors on the mobile autonomy module. The assembly has a power and data transport bus that provides a communication and power conduit across the different modular components. A method for on-demand assembly of such a bot apparatus is further described with steps for authenticating the different modular components during assembly.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. Disclosed is method of performing power control for transmission signals in a telecommunication system employing Integrated Access and Backhaul, IAB, comprising the steps of: determining whether Frequency, Time or Spatial Division Multiplexing, FDM, TDM, SDM is used on a particular pair of links; and applying a power control scheme accordingly.