A refrigerator is provided. The refrigerator includes: a body having a storage compartment; a door pivotally coupled to the body to open and close the storage compartment; a planar heater including first heating wires arranged to surround an edge of the door and second heating wires arranged on only one portion of the edge; a sensor configured to measure at least one of temperature and humidity outside the refrigerator; and a processor configured to control driving of at least one of the first heating wires and the second heating wires based on a measured value of the sensor.

An electrical fluid heater, in particular water heater, preferably for a motor vehicle, including at least one fluid accommodating container and at least one heating conductor having a conductive polymer structure, for heating fluid, in particular water, accommodated in the fluid accommodating container.

A heater includes a base body and a resistance heating element. The base body is configured by an insulating material and includes a top surface on which a wafer is placed. The resistance heating element extends in the base body along the top surface. A top surface of the resistance heating element and the base body are in contact with each other. A vacuum or gas-filled gap is interposed between a side surface of the resistance heating element and the base body.

Provided is a far-infrared ray radiation sheet capable of realizing a heating device exhibiting reduced heat unevenness and a high heat diffusion property, that is highly effective as a heater and good for a human body. There is provided a far-infrared ray radiation sheet 1 formed in a planar shape, that radiates far-infrared rays, the far-infrared ray radiation sheet comprising heat generation type mixed paper 20 formed by mixing a basic material and carbon fiber; electrodes 21 provided to the heat generation type mixed paper 20; heat diffusion type mixed paper 10 formed by mixing the basic material, and the carbon fiber or graphite exhibiting high heat conductivity, that is laminated on the heat generation type mixed paper 20; and prepregs and PET films 23 are laminated on the heat generation type mixed paper 20 and the heat diffusion type mixed paper 10, wherein the far-infrared rays are radiated by applying current to the electrodes 21.

A heating module includes at least one cold conductor element and at least one electrical heating element that is different from the at least one cold conductor element. The at least one cold conductor element and the at least one heating element are electrically connectable in parallel. The at least one cold conductor element and the at least one heating element are connected with one another thermally in a heat-transferring manner.

The present invention relates to a heating module (14) with at least one PTC thermistor element (2) and at least one heating element (15), which is different from a PTC thermistor element (2), wherein the heating element (15) and the PTC thermistor element (2) are connected electrically in series. A simplified and cost-effective production and/or operation of the heating module (14) materialise in that the heating element (15) is thermally connected to the PTC thermistor element (2) in a heat-transferring manner and an electric current density through the PTC thermistor element (2) is lower than the electric current density through the heating element (15).

The invention, furthermore, relates to a heating device (31) having at least one such heating module (14).

A hand grip for a handlebar of a vehicle is disclosed. The grip comprises a first layer and a second layer, the first layer comprising a reduced thermal conductivity compared with the second layer. The first layer comprises a first side which is arranged to extend adjacent at least a portion of the handlebar, and a second side which is opposite the first side. The second layer is disposed over at least a portion of the second side of the first layer, and a heating arrangement for generating heat, is disposed between the first and second layers so that heat generated by the heating arrangement is preferentially transferred to the second layer.

An additive manufacturing system is disclosed. The additive manufacturing system may include a plate having a plurality of print heads arranged in a grid and each configured to discharge a curable material, and at least one shuttle having a plurality of print heads arranged in a row and each configured to discharge a curable material. The additive manufacturing system may also include at least one cure enhancer associated with at least one of the plate and the at least one shuttle. The at least one cure enhancer may be configured to cure the curable material as the curable material is being discharged. The additive manufacturing system may further include at least one actuator configured to move at least one of the plate and the at least one shuttle during discharge of the curable material.

An ultrafine bubble generating apparatus generates thermal-ultrafine bubbles by bringing a liquid into film boiling while using a heater provided to a substrate. The ultrafine bubble generating apparatus includes a control unit which inputs energy to the heater such that a value of a ratio of energy to be inputted to the heater relative to energy with which the heater generates film boiling falls below 1.17 under a condition that the energy to be inputted to the heater is larger than the energy with which the heater generates film boiling.

A system is disclosed for additively manufacturing a composite structure. The system may include a print head configured to receive a continuous reinforcement, and at least one of a matrix jet and a matrix bath configured to wet the continuous reinforcement with a liquid matrix during passage through the print head. The system may also include a coating mechanism configured to dispense at least one of metallic and ceramic particles onto the wetted continuous reinforcement during passage through the print head, and at least one cure enhancer configured to at least one of cure the liquid matrix and cause the at least one of metallic and ceramic particles to coalesce around the continuous reinforcement. The system may further include a support configured to move the print head in multiple dimensions during discharging.