A method for making a via (3) in a carrier layer (1) made of a ceramic comprising:

providing the carrier layer (1),

realizing a passage recess (2) in the carrier layer (1),

at least partially filling the passage recess (2) with a paste (3), and

performing a bonding process, in particular an active soldering process or a DCB process, for bonding a metallization (5) to the carrier layer (1), the via (3′) being realized from the paste (3) in the passage recess (2) when the bonding process is performed.

After there is prepared a conductive paste which contains fine copper particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, each of the fine copper particles being coated with an azole compound, such as benzotriazole, coarse copper particles having an average particle diameter of 0.3 to 20 μm, at least one of a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) resin and a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin, a chlorine compound, and a glycol solvent, such as ethylene glycol, the total amount of the fine copper particles and the coarse copper particles being 50 to 90% by weight, and the weight ratio of the fine copper particles to the coarse copper particles being in the range of from 1:9 to 5:5, the conductive paste thus prepared is applied on a substrate by screen printing to be preliminary-fired by vacuum drying, and then, fired with light irradiation by irradiating with light having a wavelength of 200 to 800 nm at a pulse period of 500 to 2000 μs and a pulse voltage of 1600 to 3800 V to form a conductive film on the substrate.

Provided are a conductive composition for thin film printing and a method for forming a thin film conductive pattern, which can easily performing thin film printing, and can capable of improve conductivity by thermal sintering at a comparatively low temperature of 300° C. or less or by photo irradiation. A conductive composition comprises metal particles, a binder resin, and a solvent, the content of an organic compound in the solvent being 5 to 98% by mass, the organic compound comprising a hydrocarbon group having a bridged cyclic structure and a hydroxyl group, the content of metal particles being 15 to 60% by mass, the metal particles containing 20% by mass or more of flat metal particles, the content of the binder resin being 0.5 to 10 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the metal particles, and the viscosity at 25° C. being 1.0×10.sup.3 to 2×10.sup.5 mPa.Math.s. The composition is printed in a pattern having any selected shape on a substrate, by screen printing, and the pattern is subjected to thermal sintering at a temperature of 300° C. or less and/or subjecting the pattern to pulsed light irradiation.

A method of making a heater includes an aluminum nitride base having equal to or less than 1% impurities, particularly one embodiment having none of polybrominated biphenyl, polybrominated diphenyl ether, hexabromocyclododecane, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated paraffin, phthalate, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, lead, and mercury. The base is fired in a heating unit before any layering. Thereafter, on a topside and backside of the base a conductor layer is layered and allowed to settle and dry before firing. Next, a resistive layer is layered on the base from a resistor paste such that the resistive layer connects to the conductor layer on the topside. The resistor paste is allowed to settle and dry and then the base with the conductor and resistor layers is fired. At least four layers of glass are layered next over the resistive layer, each instance thereof including layering a glass, drying the glass and firing.

To form wiring on circuit board and conductor body, metal ink containing metal particles is dispensed by inkjet head straddling the circuit board and the conductor body. Then, a laser is applied by laser emitting device to the dispensed metal ink. The metal ink to which the laser is applied is baked and wiring is formed. A laser corresponding to the laser emission amount per unit of area based on the material of the circuit board, which is resin, is applied to the metal ink on the circuit board, and a laser corresponding to the laser emission amount per unit of area based on the conductor body is applied to the metal ink on the conductor body. The metal ink on the circuit board and the metal ink on the conductor body is baked appropriately, and wiring is formed appropriately straddling the circuit board and the conductor body.

The invention provides an electroconductive paste comprising 50-90 wt. % of copper particle, 0.5-10 wt. % of a glass frit, 0.1-5% wt. % of adhesion promoter, which is at least one selected member from the group consisting of cuprous oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, boron resinate, zirconium resinate, amorphous boron, lithium phosphate, bismuth oxide, aluminum oxide, and zinc oxide, and 5-20 wt. % of an organic vehicle. An article comprising an aluminum nitride substrate and electroconductive paste of the invention is also provided. A method of forming an electroconductive circuit comprising is also provided.

Close-contact layers that are capable of improving the degree of contact between electrodes and a ceramic insulating layer can be formed at low cost by firing a glass paste. When the electrodes, the ceramic insulating layer, and the close-contact layers are fired at the same time, the glass paste is sintered last, and thus, formation of voids, defects, and the like in portions of the ceramic insulating layer, on which the electrodes are disposed, as a result of shrinkage of the electrodes and the ceramic insulating layer at the time of firing being hindered by stress generated due to the difference in the degree of shrinkage can be suppressed. Therefore, the structure of the ceramic insulating layers in the above portions can be elaborated by the close-contact layers.

A thick film paste comprising at least one particulate platinum (alloy), at least one metal compound, and an organic vehicle, wherein the at least one metal compound is selected from the group consisting of in each case particulate NiO, SiO.sub.2, RuO.sub.2, Rh.sub.2O.sub.3, IrO.sub.2, Cu.sub.2O, CuO, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, PbO, SnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, MnO.sub.2 and MoO.sub.2, and metal compounds capable of forming a metal oxide on firing, the metal oxide being selected from the group consisting of NiO, SiO.sub.2, RuO.sub.2, Rh.sub.2O.sub.3, IrO.sub.2, Cu.sub.2O, CuO, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, PbO, SnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, MnO.sub.2 and MoO.sub.2.

An electronic element mounting substrate includes a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer, a first metal layer, and a through-hole conductor. The first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are aligned in a first direction. The first metal layer is positioned between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer. The through-hole conductor extends in the first direction from the first insulating layer through the second insulating layer. The first metal layer includes a first portion positioned away from the through-hole conductor and a second portion in contact with the through-hole conductor. The second portion has a larger thickness than the first portion.

There is provided an electric connection member having a substrate, an insulating adhesive layer provided on the substrate, and a conductive interconnect, wherein the electric connection member is provided with a recess that opens at a side of the insulating adhesive layer, the conductive interconnect is disposed in the recess, a metal nano-ink is disposed on the conductive interconnect, and all of the metal nano-ink is contained inside the recess.