A base material for a printed circuit board includes: an insulating base film; and a sintered body layer of metal particles layered on one side surface of the base film; wherein an arithmetic mean roughness (Sa) of a surface of the sintered body layer that is opposite to the base film is greater than or equal to 0.005 μm and less than or equal to 0.10 μm.

The present disclosure is directed to a hybrid conductive ink including: silver nanoparticles and eutectic low melting point alloy particles, wherein a weight ratio of the eutectic low melting point alloy particles and the silver nanoparticles ranges from 1:20 to 1:5. Also provided herein are methods of forming an interconnect including a) depositing a hybrid conductive ink on a conductive element positioned on a substrate, wherein the hybrid conductive ink comprises silver nanoparticles and eutectic low melting point alloy particles, the eutectic low melting point alloy particles and the silver nanoparticles being in a weight ratio from about 1:20 to about 1:5; b) placing an electronic component onto the hybrid conductive ink; c) heating the substrate, conductive element, hybrid conductive ink and electronic component to a temperature sufficient i) to anneal the silver nanoparticles in the hybrid conductive ink and ii) to melt the low melting point eutectic alloy particles, wherein the melted low melting point eutectic alloy flows to occupy spaces between the annealed silver nanoparticles, d) allowing the melted low melting point eutectic alloy of the hybrid conductive ink to harden and fuse to the electronic component and the conductive element, thereby forming an interconnect. Electrical circuits including conductive traces and, optionally, interconnects formed with the hybrid conductive ink are also provided.

A resin composition contains a thermosetting resin (A) and an inorganic filler (B). The inorganic filler (B) includes: a first filler (B1); and a second filler (B2) of a nanometer scale having a smaller particle size than the first filler (B1). The first filler (B1) includes an anhydrous magnesium carbonate filler (b1) and an alumina filler (b2). The proportion of the first filler (B1) relative to a total solid content in the resin composition is equal to or greater than 50% by volume and equal to or less than 90% by volume. The proportion of the second filler (B2) relative to the total solid content in the resin composition is equal to or greater than 0.1% by volume and equal to or less than 2.0% by volume.

A circuit module (100) includes a substrate (1), on one principal surface of which a first wiring pattern (2) is provided, first electronic components (3-6) constituting a first electronic circuit together with the first wiring pattern (2), a plurality of connection conductors (8), a plurality of external connection terminals, a first resin layer (9), and a second resin layer (12). At least one of the plurality of connection conductors (8) includes a first columnar conductor (8a) extending in a normal line direction of the one principal surface of the substrate (1), and a plate-like conductor (8b) extending in a direction parallel to the one principal surface of the substrate (1). At least one of the plurality of external connection terminals is a second columnar conductor (11) extending in the normal line direction of the one principal surface of the substrate (1).

A resin composition is provided. The resin composition comprises the following constituents: (A) epoxy resin; (B) a compound of formula (I), ##STR00001## in formula (I), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently —H, —CH.sub.3, or —C(CH.sub.3); and (C) an optional filler.

Provided is an organic-inorganic-hybrid thin film, which is provided in the form of a layered structure to prevent the scratching of the surface of a variety of kinds of displays, such as those of smartphones, tablet PCs, and laptop computers, and to fabricate ITO hard coating films, gas-barrier plates for flexible displays, and cover windows, and to a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, the organic-inorganic-hybrid thin film is provided in the form of a layered structure exhibiting the high light transmittance, mechanically flexible properties, lightweightness, and chemical resistance of a curable resin, and also ensuring the scratch resistance, heat dissipation performance, gas-barrier properties, and inherent refractive index matching of inorganic particles, thus exhibiting optical compensation effects, thereby increasing final surface hardness and satisfying barrier properties and index matching properties.

According to embodiments of the present invention, an ink composition is provided. The ink composition includes a plurality of nanostructures distributed in at least two cross-sectional dimension ranges, wherein each nanostructure of the plurality of nanostructures is free of a cross-sectional dimension of more than 200 nm. According to further embodiments of the present invention, a method for forming a conductive member and a conductive device are also provided.

A method of forming a structure upon a substrate is disclosed. The method comprises: providing a substrate upon a surface of which a plurality of electrically conductive pads are disposed; depositing fluid containing a dispersion of electrically polarizable nanoparticles onto the substrate such that at least a portion of a first one of the plurality of pads is in contact with the fluid; applying an alternating electric field to the fluid using a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode being positioned so as to provide an effective first electrode end position from which the electric field is applied, coincident with the deposited fluid, and spaced apart from the first pad by a distance, and the second electrode being in contact with the first pad, such that a plurality of the nanoparticles are assembled to form a first elongate structure extending along at least part of the distance between the effective first electrode end position and the portion of the first pad.

Provided is a structure that has highly reliable electroconductive pattern regions, that offers an extremely simple manufacturing process, and that has excellent electrical insulation between the electroconductive pattern regions. This structure (10) having electroconductive pattern regions is provided with a support (11), and, on a surface configured by the support, a layer (14) in which insulation regions (12) containing a copper oxide- and phosphorus-containing organic substance and electroconductive pattern regions (13) containing copper are disposed next to one another. This stack is provided with: a support, a coating layer containing copper oxide and phosphorus and disposed on a surface configured by the support; and a resin layer disposed so as to cover the coating layer.

A method of manufacturing a polymer printed circuit board contains in a sequential order steps of: A), B), C), D, and F). In the step A), a material layer consisting of polymer is provided. In the step B), circuit pattern is formed on the material layer. In the step C), metal nanoparticles are deposited on the laser induced graphene (LIG) of the circuit pattern so as to use as a material seed. In the step D) a metal layer on the nanoparticles are deposited and the LIG of the circuit pattern are formed. In the step E), the circuit pattern is pressed. In the step E), the circuit pattern, the material layer, the metal nanoparticles, and the metal layer are pressed in a laminating manner to obtain the polymer printed circuit board.