A circuit card assembly (CCA) stack includes a first circuit card assembly (CCA) with circuit components mounted thereto, wherein the first CCA includes a power contact and a return contact for powering the first CCA. A plurality of additional CCAs in a stack with the first CCA, wherein each CCA in the plurality of additional CCAs includes respective power and return contacts, and wherein each CCA in the plurality of additional CCAs includes a first aperture and a second aperture for passage of power buses. The first power bus can include one or more power wires bonded to power contacts of the CCAs, and one or more return wires bonded to return contacts of the CCAs.

A plated hole with a sidewall plating. The plated hole has a vent opening that has a sidewall of non-conductive material that is not plated. During attachment of a joint conductive material such as solder to the sidewall plating, gasses generated from the attachment process are outgassed through the vent opening.

A circuit board includes a baseboard, a first conductive circuit layer, a second conductive circuit layer, at least one through hole, and a number of conductive lines. The first conductive circuit layer includes a number of first conductive circuit lines formed on a first side of the baseboard. The second conductive circuit layer includes a number of second conductive circuit lines formed on a second side of the baseboard. The through hole is defined through the first conductive circuit layer, the baseboard, and the second conductive circuit layer. The number of conductive lines are formed in an inner wall of the through hole and spaced apart around the through hole. Each conductive line electrically couples one of the first conductive circuit lines to a corresponding one of the second conductive circuit lines.

A radio frequency circuit includes at least one dielectric substrate, a trench formed in the dielectric substrate, and an electrically continuous conductive material in the trench. The radio frequency circuit further may include a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, with the trench being formed in the first and second dielectric substrates. A method of fabricating an electromagnetic circuit includes providing at least one dielectric substrate, machining a trench in the at least one dielectric substrate, and filling the trench with an electrically conductive material to form an electrically continuous conductor.

Flexible fingers for flexible printed circuits improve the crack resistance of prior art designs. The crack resistance can be improved by encapsulating the trace inside additional layers such that the outer two layers include only the lands of the through-hole, and all other copper is etched away. The crack resistance can also be improved with strategically adding copper on layers other than the trace layer including attaching is to the land of the through-hole as a stub. These two designs can be combined to include a stub trace into a four-layered design.

A method for manufacturing an interconnect structure is provided. The method includes the following steps. An opening is through a substrate. A low-k dielectric block is formed in the opening. At least one first via is formed through the low-k dielectric block. A first conductor is formed in the first via.

A component carrier with an electrically insulating layer having a front side and a back side, a first and a second electrically conductive layer covering the front side and the back side of the electrically insulating layer, respectively. A through hole extends through both electrically conductive layers and the electrically insulating layer. An overhang is formed along one of the electrically conductive layers and sidewalls of the electrically insulating layer structure delimiting the through hole. An annular plating layer covers the sidewalls and fills part of the overhang such that a horizontal extension of the overhang after plating is less than 20 m and/or such that a ratio between a horizontal extension of the overhang after plating and a width of a first window through the first electrically conductive layer and/or a width of a second window through the second electrically conductive layer is smaller than 20%.

According to various embodiments described herein, an article comprises a glass or glass-ceramic substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, and a via extending through the substrate from the first major surface to the second major surface over an axial length in an axial direction. The article further comprises a helium hermetic adhesion layer disposed on the interior surface; and a metal connector disposed within the via, wherein the metal connector is adhered to the helium hermetic adhesion layer. The metal connector coats the interior surface of the via along the axial length of the via to define a first cavity from the first major surface to a first cavity length, the metal connector comprising a coating thickness of less than 12 m at the first major surface. Additionally, the metal connector coats the interior surface of the via along the axial length of the via to define a second cavity from the second major surface to a second cavity length, the metal connector comprising a coating thickness of less than 12 m at the second major surface and fully fills the via between the first cavity and the second cavity.

A circuit board comprises a substrate with opposite first and second sides. A pair of plated through holes (PTHs) extends along z-axis. A pair of signal traces are made on the first side of the substrate and electrically coupled to the pair of the PTHs respectively to form a differential pair. A ground metal is made on the second side of the substrate, the ground metal has a clearance made therein. The ground metal extends fully overlapping with the full signal traces to eliminate reflection noise caused by a boundary between the clearance and the metal ground.

A circuit board comprises a substrate with opposite first and second sides. A pair of plated through holes (PTHs) extends along z-axis. A pair of signal traces are made on the first side of the substrate and electrically coupled to the pair of the PTHs respectively to form a differential pair. A ground metal is made on the second side of the substrate, the ground metal has a clearance made therein. The ground metal extends fully overlapping with the full signal traces to eliminate reflection noise caused by a boundary between the clearance and the metal ground.