A printed circuit board includes a first electrically conductive reference plane configured to distribute a first reference voltage applied thereto across a surface area of the first reference plane, and a second electrically conductive reference plane extending parallel to the first reference plane, and configured to distribute a second reference voltage applied thereto across a surface area of the second reference plane. A first layer is provided, which extends between the first reference plane and the second reference plane, and includes one or more first signal lines extending adjacent the first reference plane. The first layer is divided into: (i) a first region in which the one or more first signal lines are disposed, (ii) a second region containing an additional plane that is configured to receive a third voltage and has smaller surface area relative to the surface areas of the first and second reference planes, and (iii) a third region containing a dielectric layer. A second layer is provided, which extends between the first reference plane and the second reference plane, and includes one or more second signal lines extending adjacent the second reference plane. The second signal lines have linewidths that vary as a function of whether they are vertically aligned with the first region, the second region, or the third region.

A flexible thin sheet-shaped electric wire includes: a body part having electrical insulation; and a conductor part that is arranged in the body part. Further, the conductor part includes a conductor body, and a fuse part that is formed in a part of the conductor body and of which a cross-sectional area is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the conductor body. Still further, the body part includes a conductor region in which the conductor body is arranged and a fuse region in which the fuse part is arranged. The fuse part includes an enclosing part that is arranged to enclose the entire circumference of at least a part of the fuse region.

A method for manufacturing a wiring substrate includes forming a second resin insulating layer on a first resin insulating layer such that the second resin insulating layer is in contact with a surface of the first resin insulating layer, irradiating laser upon the second resin insulating layer such that a recess penetrating through the second resin insulating layer and exposing the first resin insulating layer is formed, and forming a conductor layer including conductor material filled in the recess formed through the second resin insulating layer such that the conductor layer is embedded in the second resin insulating layer. The second resin insulating layer are formed on the surface of the first resin insulating layer such that the first resin insulating layer and the second resin insulating layer have different processability with respect to the laser.

A flexible circuit board includes a flexible substrate, a chip and a patterned circuit layer. A surface of the flexible substrate is separated into a working area and a nonworking area according to a cutting line. The chip is disposed on the working area. The patterned circuit layer is disposed on the surface and includes signal transmission wires and bypass wires, the bypass wires are not electrically connected to the chip. Each of the bypass wires includes a bypass transmission portion located on the working area and an anti-peeling portion located on the nonworking area. A blank area exists between the anti-peeling area and the bypass transmission portion, and the cutting line passes through the blank area. A distance between 100 um and 400 um exists from the anti-peeling portion to the cutting line.

A printed wiring board includes a first resin insulating layer, a conductor layer on the first resin insulating layer, and a second resin insulating layer formed on the first resin insulating layer such that the second resin insulating layer is covering the conductor layer. The conductor layer includes a first circuit having a width of 15 μm or less and a rectangular cross-sectional shape, a second circuit having a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, a third circuit, a fourth circuit, a fifth circuit, and a sixth circuit, a space between the first and third circuits has a width of 14 μm or less, a space between the first and fourth circuits has a width of 14 μm or less, a space between the second and fifth circuits has a width of 20 μm or more, and a space between the second and sixth circuits has a width of 20 μm or more.

A display apparatus, includes: a flexible circuit board including a first board pad and a second board pad, which are spaced apart from each other in a first direction and extend in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a main circuit board coupled to the flexible circuit board; and a display panel coupled to the flexible circuit board, the display panel including a first display pad overlapped with the first board pad and a second display pad overlapped with the second board pad, wherein the first board pad includes a first, second, and third portions, and the second board pad includes a first, second, and third portions.

A microwave or radio frequency (RF) device includes an insulating substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface. The device also includes a crossover conductor disposed on the first surface extending between a first edge of the first surface and a second edge of the first surface. The device also includes a depression in the second surface defined at least in part by (i) a third surface recessed in relation to the second surface, and (ii) at least one sidewall that extends between the second surface and the third surface. The device further includes a conductive coating formed over at least a portion of the second surface, the third surface, and the at least one sidewall, where the conductive coating is insulated from the crossover conductor by the insulating substrate.

A circuit board includes a first section on a left side of a third section in a signal-conductor-layer left-right direction and extending in parallel or substantially in parallel with the third section in a signal-conductor-layer front-back direction when viewed in a stacking direction. The first section includes first thin line portions and first thick line portions, each of the first thick line portions has a line width greater than a line width of each of the first thin line portions. The first thin line portions and the first thick line portions are alternately arranged in the signal-conductor-layer front-back direction. In the signal-conductor-layer left-right direction, center lines of the first thin line portions are positioned leftward relative to center lines of the first thick line portions.

A busbar module includes: a circuit body having a flexible circuit board; busbars; and a holder. The circuit body has: conductor layers and protective layers to form a multiple-layered structure of wiring patterns; a band-shaped main strip to be located to extend in a stacking direction of cells; and a band-shaped branch strip branched from the main strip. The branch strip has: a bent portion extending in the stacking direction and having a bent shape around an axis crossing the stacking direction; and a connection portion disposed closer to an end of the branch strip than the bent portion and connected to the corresponding busbar. The bent portion has a thin-layer portion having a shape formed by removing, from the flexible circuit board, a part of the protective layers corresponding to a part of the conductor layers without being used as the wiring pattern in the branch strip.

A ceramic electronic component that includes an electronic component body having a superficial base ceramic layer; a surface electrode on a surface of the electronic component body; and a covering ceramic layer covering a peripheral section of the surface electrode. The peripheral section of the surface electrode that is covered by the covering ceramic layer has a thin portion located on a central side of the surface electrode and which is thinner than a central section of the surface electrode, and a width of the thin portion is 20% or more of a width of the peripheral section of the surface electrode that is covered by the covering ceramic layer.