An OLED device, including: an anode (100), a cathode (300), and a first light-emitting unit (200) located between the anode (100) and the cathode (300). The first light-emitting unit (200) comprises a hole functional unit (210) and a light-emitting layer (220) that are sequentially stacked. The hole functional unit (210) is located between the anode (100) and the light-emitting layer (220). The hole functional unit (210) comprises a first functional layer (211) for transporting electrons, a second functional layer (212) for injecting holes, and a third functional layer (213) for transporting holes, which are sequentially stacked. The first functional layer (211) comprises an electron transport material on which one or more among an active metal and an active metal compound is doped.

An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer; and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the electron transport region includes a first compound, at least one selected from the hole transport region and the electron transport region includes a second compound, the first compound is represented by one selected from Formulae 1A to 1D, and the second compound is represented by Formula 2A or Formula 2B: ##STR00001##

An electroluminescent device and a display device including the electroluminescent device. The electroluminescent device includes a first electrode and a second electrode each having a surface opposite the other; a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the light emitting layer including quantum dots; and an electron transport layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the second electrode, the electron transport layer including inorganic material nanoparticles including an anion dopant including P, N, C, Cl, F, Br, S, or a combination thereof.

A novel light-emitting device is provided. A light-emitting device with high emission efficiency is provided. A light-emitting device with along lifetime is provided. A light-emitting device with low driving voltage is provided. The light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an EL layer between the anode and the cathode. The EL layer includes a hole-injection layer, a light-emitting layer, and an electron-transport layer. The hole-injection layer is positioned between the anode and the light-emitting layer. The electron-transport layer is positioned between the light-emitting layer and the cathode. The hole-injection layer contains a first substance and a second substance. The first substance is an organic compound which has a hole-transport property and a HOMO level higher than or equal to −5.7 eV and lower than or equal to −5.4 eV. The second substance exhibits an electron-accepting property with respect to the first substance. The electron-transport layer contains a material whose resistance decreases with current flowing therethrough.

An organic electroluminescence device includes an anode, a cathode, a first emitting layer and a second emitting layer that are interposed between the anode and the cathode and are in a direct contact with each other, and a first electron transporting layer between the cathode and the first emitting layer and the second emitting layer being in a direct contact with each other. The first emitting layer contains a first compound represented by a formula (1) as a first host material, the first compound having at least one group represented by a formula (11). The second emitting layer contains a second compound represented by a formula (2) as a second host material. The first electron transporting layer contains a third compound represented by a formula (3). ##STR00001##

Provided are a light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus including the same, the light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The emission layer includes i) a first emission layer and ii) a second emission layer located between the first emission layer and the second electrode, the first emission layer is in direct contact with the second emission layer, the first emission layer includes a dopant, a first hole-transporting compound, and a first compound, the second emission layer includes a dopant, a second hole-transporting compound, and a second compound, the dopant included in the first emission layer and the dopant included in the second emission layer are identical to each other, the first compound and the second compound are different from each other, and an absolute value of the difference between a HOMO energy level of the second hole-transporting compound and a HOMO energy level of the second compound is about 0.3 eV or less.

Provided are a light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device may include: an emission layer between a first electrode and a second electrode. The emission layer may include i) a first emission layer and ii) a second emission layer between the first emission layer and the second electrode, the first emission layer may be in direct contact with the second emission layer, the first emission layer may include a first dopant, a first hole-transporting compound, and a first electron-transporting compound, the second emission layer may include a second dopant, a second hole-transporting compound, and a second electron-transporting compound, the first dopant may be identical to the second dopant, and the first electron-transporting compound may be different from the second electron-transporting compound, electron mobility of the second electron-transporting compound may be greater than electron mobility of the first electron-transporting compound.

An organic light emitting device (OLED) architecture in which efficient operation is achieved for the OLED having three hosts in the emissive layer by incorporating at least one multi-component functional layer selected from the group consisting of a hole injecting layer, a hole transporting layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transporting layer, and an electron injecting layer.

Provided is an OLED device, which includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first light emitting unit located between the first electrode and the second electrode. An absorption rate of the first electrode for blue light is greater than an absorption rate of the first electrode for red light, and the absorption rate of the first electrode for blue light is greater than an absorption rate of the first electrode for green light. The first light emitting unit includes a light emitting layer and a hole functional unit located between the first electrode and the light emitting layer. The hole functional unit at least includes at least two hole functional layers, and any hole functional layer includes a second functional layer for injecting holes and a third functional layer for transporting holes which are stacked along a direction away from the first electrode.

Provided is a novel metal complex that can be used as an electron transporting material. A metal complex represented by the following Formula (1) to the following Formula (3). R.sup.A1 to R.sup.A9, R.sup.C1 to R.sup.C8, and R.sup.E1 to R.sup.E6 are each independently a single bond, an alkylene group, an arylene group, a heteroarylene group, or a group represented by —R.sup.P1—P(═O)R.sup.P2—R.sup.P3—, R.sup.B1 to R.sup.B9, R.sup.D1 to R.sup.D8, and R.sup.F1 to R.sup.F6 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an. alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryloxv group, an amino group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a hydroxy group, one or more selected from the group consisting of R.sup.B1 to R.sup.B9 are a phenanthrolinyl group, one or more selected from the group consisting of R.sup.D1 to R.sup.D8 are a phenanthrolinyl group, and one or more selected from the group consisting of R.sup.F1 to R.sup.F6 are a phenanthrolinyl group, M is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, Z is 1 or 2, and X is O or S.