Provided is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that has excellent magnetic properties and can be manufactured by secondary recrystallization orientation control using coil annealing with high productivity. A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprises a specific chemical composition, wherein an average value of a deviation angle (α.sup.2+β.sup.2).sup.1/2 calculated from a deviation angle α from ideal Goss orientation around an ND rotation axis and a deviation angle β from ideal Goss orientation around a TD rotation axis is 5.0° or less, and an area ratio R.sub.β of crystal grains with β≤0.50° is 20% or less.

Provided is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that has excellent magnetic properties and can be manufactured by secondary recrystallization orientation control using coil annealing with high productivity. A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprises a specific chemical composition, wherein an average value of a deviation angle (α.sup.2+β.sup.2).sup.1/2 calculated from a deviation angle α from ideal Goss orientation around an ND rotation axis and a deviation angle β from ideal Goss orientation around a TD rotation axis is 5.0° or less, and an area ratio R.sub.β of crystal grains with β≤0.50° is 20% or less.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new nanogranular structure material having magneto-optical properties different from those of existing nanogranular structure materials, and a method for producing the same. The nanogranular structure material has a composition represented by L-M-F—O wherein L is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, and Ni, and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Be, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Bi, and rare earth elements, F is fluorine, and O is oxygen. The nanogranular structure material according to the present invention is composed of a matrix formed of a fluorine compound having a composition represented by M-F and metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the matrix and having a composition represented by L-O.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a base steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition; a glass coating provided on the surface of the base steel sheet; and a tension-applying insulation coating provided on the surface of the glass coating, in which linear thermal strains having, a predetermined angle (φ) with respect to a transverse direction which is a direction orthogonal to a rolling direction are periodically formed on the surface of the tension-applying insulation coating at predetermined intervals along the rolling direction, a full width at half maximum F1 on the linear thermal strain and a full width at half maximum F2 at an intermediate position between the two linear thermal strains adjacent to each other satisfy 0.00<(F1−F2)/F2≤0.15, the width of the linear thermal strain is 10 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and in the base steel sheet, an orientation distribution angle γ around a rolling direction axis of secondary recrystallization grains, an orientation distribution angle α around an axis parallel to a normal direction, and an orientation distribution angle β around an axis perpendicular to each of the RD axis and the ND axis in units of ° satisfy 1.0≤γ≤8.0 and 0.0≤(α.sup.2+β.sup.2).sup.0.5≤10.0.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a base steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition; a glass coating provided on the surface of the base steel sheet; and a tension-applying insulation coating provided on the surface of the glass coating, in which linear thermal strains having, a predetermined angle (φ) with respect to a transverse direction which is a direction orthogonal to a rolling direction are periodically formed on the surface of the tension-applying insulation coating at predetermined intervals along the rolling direction, a full width at half maximum F1 on the linear thermal strain and a full width at half maximum F2 at an intermediate position between the two linear thermal strains adjacent to each other satisfy 0.00<(F1−F2)/F2≤0.15, the width of the linear thermal strain is 10 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and in the base steel sheet, an orientation distribution angle γ around a rolling direction axis of secondary recrystallization grains, an orientation distribution angle α around an axis parallel to a normal direction, and an orientation distribution angle β around an axis perpendicular to each of the RD axis and the ND axis in units of ° satisfy 1.0≤γ≤8.0 and 0.0≤(α.sup.2+β.sup.2).sup.0.5≤10.0.

A method of making a soft magnetic intermediate product of metal with particularly good magnetization behavior, the method comprising the following method steps: production or provision of a metallic, rollable blank of a metallic product, preliminary rolling of the metallic blank with a defined degree of deformation to an intermediate thickness, the degree of deformation being matched to a critical or postcritical degree of rolling to be observed during subsequent rolling, heat treatment of the prerolled blank, preferably annealing of the prerolled blank, rolling of the blank with a critical or postcritical degree of rolling to a final thickness and subsequent annealing to set a defined grain size and finishing of the intermediate product.

A method of making a soft magnetic intermediate product of metal with particularly good magnetization behavior, the method comprising the following method steps: production or provision of a metallic, rollable blank of a metallic product, preliminary rolling of the metallic blank with a defined degree of deformation to an intermediate thickness, the degree of deformation being matched to a critical or postcritical degree of rolling to be observed during subsequent rolling, heat treatment of the prerolled blank, preferably annealing of the prerolled blank, rolling of the blank with a critical or postcritical degree of rolling to a final thickness and subsequent annealing to set a defined grain size and finishing of the intermediate product.

A hot-rolled steel sheet for non-oriented electrical steel sheets includes, by mass %: C: 0.0010% to 0.0050%; Si: 1.90% to 3.50%; Al: 0.10% to 3.00%; Mn: 0.05% to 2.00%; P: 0.100% or less; S: 0.005% or less; N: 0.0040% or less; B: 0.0060% or less; Sn: 0% to 0.50%; Sb: 0% to 0.50%; Cu: 0% to 0.50%; REM: 0% to 0.0400%; Ca: 0% to 0.0400%; Mg: 0% to 0.0400%; and a remainder including Fe and impurities, in which a hardness H.sub.D of a deformed structure of a thickness middle portion (½t position) in a sheet width direction end portion of the hot-rolled steel sheet for non-oriented electrical steel sheets is Hv 220 or less.

A method of fabricating a laminated magnetic core including: fabricating a magnetic-core mold on a surface, the magnetic-core mold including a first wall portion having a first sidewall, a second wall portion having a second sidewall, the second sidewall located opposite the first sidewall, the first and second sidewalls and a portion of the surface defining a mold cavity having a bottom width that is greater than a top width; depositing a seed material on the mold top surface and on a portion of the surface so as to form a conductive layer, wherein the seed material is directed toward the mold top surface and the portion of the surface of the substrate at an angle of incidence that substantially prevents deposition of the seed material on the first and second sidewalls; forming a magnetic layer on the conductive layer; and forming an insulating-sealing layer on the magnetic layer.

A method of fabricating a laminated magnetic core including: fabricating a magnetic-core mold on a surface, the magnetic-core mold including a first wall portion having a first sidewall, a second wall portion having a second sidewall, the second sidewall located opposite the first sidewall, the first and second sidewalls and a portion of the surface defining a mold cavity having a bottom width that is greater than a top width; depositing a seed material on the mold top surface and on a portion of the surface so as to form a conductive layer, wherein the seed material is directed toward the mold top surface and the portion of the surface of the substrate at an angle of incidence that substantially prevents deposition of the seed material on the first and second sidewalls; forming a magnetic layer on the conductive layer; and forming an insulating-sealing layer on the magnetic layer.