An apparatus and method of manufacturing same is provided. The apparatus includes: a base layer integrated with an article; a conductive layer in communication with a base contact pad mounted on the base layer; an active electrode board in electrical communication with the base contact pad, the active electrode board configured to receive or send electrical signals from the base contact pad; and a contact layer in electrical communication with the conductive layer, and the conductive layer is mounted on the base layer; wherein the active electrode board comprises a board contact pad configured to receive or send electrical signals from the base contact pad.

A garment or a sleeve for being worn by an animal, the garment or sleeve comprising: a structure of a flexible material; a plurality of electrical connectors for mechanically and electrically coupling to a sensing device, the connectors being attached to the structure; and a plurality of electrodes printed on a surface of the structure, each electrode being in electrical communication with a respective one of the connectors.

A garment or a sleeve for being worn by an animal, the garment or sleeve comprising: a structure of a flexible material; a plurality of electrical connectors for mechanically and electrically coupling to a sensing device, the connectors being attached to the structure; and a plurality of electrodes printed on a surface of the structure, each electrode being in electrical communication with a respective one of the connectors.

A bioelectrode includes an annular sheet that is annular in a plan view, an annular metal-made wiring formed on the annular sheet, a conductive sheet formed on the wiring, a connection wiring, and an adhesive layer formed so as to cover the conductive sheet. The bioelectrode can be attached, via the adhesive layer, onto the back surface of a garment. The annular sheet is configured by a material with insulation, waterproofness, and flexibility and has an opening at a central part thereof. The conductive sheet is formed on and in contact with the wiring, and is electrically connected to the wiring. Further, the conductive sheet is formed on the annular sheet so as to cover the wiring and close the opening.

In an embodiment, a biometric sensor includes: a substrate; an electrode connected to the substrate, the electrode configured to detect a biometric signal from a living body; a signal processor mounted on the substrate, the signal processor configured to process the biometric signal detected by the electrode to extract biometric information of the living body; a first wiring mounted on the substrate, the first wiring configured to send the biometric signal detected by the electrode to the signal processor; a power supply mounted on the substrate, the power supply configured to supply power to the signal processor; a second wiring mounted on the substrate, the second wiring configured to supply the power from the power supply to the signal processor; and an adhesive member on at least a portion of surfaces of the electrode and the substrate that adhere to clothes to be worn by the living body.

In an embodiment, a biometric sensor includes: a substrate; an electrode connected to the substrate, the electrode configured to detect a biometric signal from a living body; a signal processor mounted on the substrate, the signal processor configured to process the biometric signal detected by the electrode to extract biometric information of the living body; a first wiring mounted on the substrate, the first wiring configured to send the biometric signal detected by the electrode to the signal processor; a power supply mounted on the substrate, the power supply configured to supply power to the signal processor; a second wiring mounted on the substrate, the second wiring configured to supply the power from the power supply to the signal processor; and an adhesive member on at least a portion of surfaces of the electrode and the substrate that adhere to clothes to be worn by the living body.

Apparatus for use in performing electroretinography on a test subject, the apparatus comprising: at least one electrically conductive thread, the at least one electrically conductive thread comprising a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the at least one electrically conductive thread is configured to mount to skin on one side of an eye of the test subject and the second end is configured to mount to skin on the opposite side of the eye of the test subject, such that the at least one electrically conductive thread is in contact with a surface film of an eye; and an electrically non-conductive coating applied to at least one region of the at least one electrically conductive thread, whereby to electrically isolate the at least one region of the at least one electrically conductive thread from the eye.

Apparatus for use in performing electroretinography on a test subject, the apparatus comprising: at least one electrically conductive thread, the at least one electrically conductive thread comprising a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the at least one electrically conductive thread is configured to mount to skin on one side of an eye of the test subject and the second end is configured to mount to skin on the opposite side of the eye of the test subject, such that the at least one electrically conductive thread is in contact with a surface film of an eye; and an electrically non-conductive coating applied to at least one region of the at least one electrically conductive thread, whereby to electrically isolate the at least one region of the at least one electrically conductive thread from the eye.

A detachable physiological monitoring device includes a detachable electrode and an electrical coupling unit electrically connected to the detachable electrode. The electrical coupling unit includes a flexible substrate, a fabric, and a conductive wire. The flexible substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the flexible substrate has a first opening. The fabric is disposed at the first surface of the flexible substrate. The fabric includes a second opening corresponding to the first opening and a conductive region surrounding the second opening. The conductive wire has a first terminal and a second terminal opposite to the first terminal, and the first terminal is connected to the conductive region. The detachable electrode contacts the conductive region, and is connected to the conductive wire.

Provided herein relates to implantable devices and systems with dynamic silk coatings. In some embodiments, the dynamic silk coatings can be formed in situ or in vivo.