Controlling a neural stimulus comprises applying the neural stimulus to a neural pathway in order to give rise to an evoked action potential on the neural pathway, the stimulus being defined by at least one stimulus parameter. A neural compound action potential response evoked by the stimulus is measured, and from the measured evoked response a feedback variable is derived. Loop backoff behaviour is adjusted by applying a non-identity function to the feedback variable to produce a revised feedback variable, and completing a feedback loop by using the revised feedback variable to control the at least one stimulus parameter so as to maintain the feedback variable at a setpoint. Additionally, or alternatively, loop gain can be adjusted in response to a change in the loop setpoint, and/or a logarithm of the stimulus parameter can be controlled.

Controlling a neural stimulus comprises applying the neural stimulus to a neural pathway in order to give rise to an evoked action potential on the neural pathway, the stimulus being defined by at least one stimulus parameter. A neural compound action potential response evoked by the stimulus is measured, and from the measured evoked response a feedback variable is derived. Loop backoff behaviour is adjusted by applying a non-identity function to the feedback variable to produce a revised feedback variable, and completing a feedback loop by using the revised feedback variable to control the at least one stimulus parameter so as to maintain the feedback variable at a setpoint. Additionally, or alternatively, loop gain can be adjusted in response to a change in the loop setpoint, and/or a logarithm of the stimulus parameter can be controlled.

Measuring a neural response to a stimulus comprises applying an electrical stimulus, then imposing a delay during which the stimulus electrodes are open circuited. During the delay, a neural response signal present at sense electrodes is measured with a measurement amplifier, while ensuring that an impedance between the sense electrodes is sufficiently large that a voltage arising on the sense electrode tissue interface in response to the stimulus is constrained to a level which permits assessment of the neural response voltage seen at the sense electrode. For example the input impedance to the measurement amplifier (Z.sub.IN) can be $Z_{\mathrm{IN}}>Z_C\frac{\left(V_{S1}-V_{S2}\right)}{V_E},$
where Z.sub.C is the sense electrode(s) constant phase element impedance, V.sub.s1−V.sub.s2 is the differential voltage arising on the sense electrode tissue interface, and V.sub.E is the neural response voltage seen at the sense electrode.

Measuring a neural response to a stimulus comprises applying an electrical stimulus, then imposing a delay during which the stimulus electrodes are open circuited. During the delay, a neural response signal present at sense electrodes is measured with a measurement amplifier, while ensuring that an impedance between the sense electrodes is sufficiently large that a voltage arising on the sense electrode tissue interface in response to the stimulus is constrained to a level which permits assessment of the neural response voltage seen at the sense electrode. For example the input impedance to the measurement amplifier (Z.sub.IN) can be $Z_{\mathrm{IN}}>Z_C\frac{\left(V_{S1}-V_{S2}\right)}{V_E},$
where Z.sub.C is the sense electrode(s) constant phase element impedance, V.sub.s1−V.sub.s2 is the differential voltage arising on the sense electrode tissue interface, and V.sub.E is the neural response voltage seen at the sense electrode.

A system for recording, processing, and monitoring biosignals is provided, the system being configured to suspend data acquisition whenever an electric surgical tool or other generator of high frequency interference is in use. Such a system may protect the hardware of the system and reduce or eliminate the acquisition of distorted signals. The system of some embodiments includes an amplifier system configured to detect the presence of high frequency interference. Related methods are also disclosed.

Systems, devices, and techniques for adjusting electrical stimulation are described. For example, processing circuitry is configured to receive, via a sensing electrode located at a target region of a patient, a plurality of evoked compound action potential (ECAP) signals elicited from respective electrical stimuli delivered to the patient; determine, based on the plurality of ECAP signals, an aggressor category for at least some ECAP signals of the plurality of ECAP signals, the aggressor category determined from a plurality of aggressor categories; determine, based on the aggressor category, a set of control policy parameters that at least partially define closed-loop control of stimulation therapy; and controlling delivery of the stimulation therapy according to at least the set of control policy parameters and one or more subsequent ECAP signals.

A method for detecting and identifying a patient physiological response includes stimulating, via a stimulating electrode coupled to a patient, one or more nerves of the patient. The method includes recording, via a recording electrode coupled to the patient, a plurality of resultant electrical waveforms. The method includes determining, based on the plurality of resultant electrical waveforms, whether at least a subset of the plurality of resultant electrical waveforms includes a patient physiological response. The determining includes comparing the subset of resultant electrical waveforms of the plurality of resultant electrical waveforms to a model waveform from a database of a plurality of model waveforms. The determining includes determining, based on the comparison, a comparison feature. The comparison feature indicates whether the patient physiological response exists in the subset. The method includes displaying, via a display, an indication that the patient physiological response exists in the subset of resultant electrical waveforms.

A method for detecting and identifying a patient physiological response includes stimulating, via a stimulating electrode coupled to a patient, one or more nerves of the patient. The method includes recording, via a recording electrode coupled to the patient, a plurality of resultant electrical waveforms. The method includes determining, based on the plurality of resultant electrical waveforms, whether at least a subset of the plurality of resultant electrical waveforms includes a patient physiological response. The determining includes comparing the subset of resultant electrical waveforms of the plurality of resultant electrical waveforms to a model waveform from a database of a plurality of model waveforms. The determining includes determining, based on the comparison, a comparison feature. The comparison feature indicates whether the patient physiological response exists in the subset. The method includes displaying, via a display, an indication that the patient physiological response exists in the subset of resultant electrical waveforms.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide for an integrated electrophysiology amplifying apparatus, computer-accessible medium, system and method for use thereof. In accordance with certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, an integrated electrophysiology amplifying system can include: a pipette interface for receiving a pipette or sharp microelectrode; and an integrated circuit having (i) an amplifier coupled to the pipette interface and configured to control a current through a connected pipette or record a cell membrane voltage and (ii) at least one compensation circuit using negative feedback; wherein the integrated circuit and pipette interface are physically integrated within a common housing.

The present disclosure discloses a monitoring device and a method for controlling a threshold thereof. The monitoring device may include a host. The monitoring device may also include an information acquisition module connected to the host via an electrical signal. The information acquisition module may be configured to acquire an electromyographic signal. The host may include a signal processing module configured to process the electromyographic signal to determine monitoring information corresponding to the electromyographic signal. The monitoring device may further include an output module connected to the signal processing module via an electrical signal. The output module may at least be configured to output the monitoring information. The method may include setting a threshold of the monitoring device, placing an electrode to the target area, and starting the monitoring device. The monitoring device may output prompt information based on the threshold.