A method for impregnating an active paste into a fibre material in the manufacture of an electrode of a lead acid battery or cell, comprises moving a fibre material through a confined pasting zone also containing a Pb-based paste, while vibrating and maintaining a pressure on the paste, to continuously impregnate the paste into the fibre material. A paste impregnating machine is also disclosed, with a fibre material feed system, and which may use a lug along the fibre material to draw the fibre material through the paste application stage.

A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.

A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.

Methods for separating and recycling battery and electrochemical cell materials are disclosed.

A lead-acid battery includes a separator retaining an electrolyte solution, a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a container. A negative electrode material contains bisphenols condensate, and a theoretical capacity ratio of the negative electrode material to a positive electrode material is 0.85 or more and 1.2 or less.

A lead-acid battery includes a separator retaining an electrolyte solution, a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a container. A negative electrode material contains bisphenols condensate, and a theoretical capacity ratio of the negative electrode material to a positive electrode material is 0.85 or more and 1.2 or less.

A method of manufacturing a plate suitable for use as a bipolar plate 500 in a bipolar battery 1 is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of extruding a first polymer containing conductive particles to form a conductive polymer plate 505, cutting a conductive polymer core 512 from the conductive polymer plate 505, and overmoulding the conductive polymer core 512 with a second polymer to provide a non-conductive polymer surround 516. A bipolar battery 1 is also disclosed, as well as a method of making a bipolar battery 1.

A method of manufacturing a plate suitable for use as a bipolar plate 500 in a bipolar battery 1 is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of extruding a first polymer containing conductive particles to form a conductive polymer plate 505, cutting a conductive polymer core 512 from the conductive polymer plate 505, and overmoulding the conductive polymer core 512 with a second polymer to provide a non-conductive polymer surround 516. A bipolar battery 1 is also disclosed, as well as a method of making a bipolar battery 1.

A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.

A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.