A short-circuit prediction device for predicting the presence or absence of occurrence of an internal short circuit in a secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery has a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte, and a negative electrode that contains a lithium alloy. The short-circuit prediction device includes a measurement instrument that measures AC impedance of the secondary battery and a controller that predicts the internal short circuit in the secondary battery. The measurement instrument calculates electrolyte resistance of the secondary battery and reaction resistance of the secondary battery from the AC impedance. When a change rate of the electrolyte resistance per a predetermined period is within a predetermined range and the reaction resistance becomes higher than a predetermined upper limit, the controller predicts that there is a possibility of occurrence of the internal short circuit.

A solid electrolyte including: a lithium ion inorganic conductive layer; and an amorphous phase on a surface of the lithium ion inorganic conductive layer, wherein the amorphous phase is an irradiation product of the lithium ion inorganic conductive layer. Also, the method of preparing the same, and a lithium battery including the solid electrolyte.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide an anode with excellent capacity durability. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing an anode including an anode current collector, and an anode active material layer arranged on the anode current collector, wherein: the anode active material layer includes a Li composite layer containing a Li composite including a Li element and a dope element; and in the Li composite layer, when C.sub.1 designates a concentration of the dope element in a first surface that is an opposite side of the anode current collector side, and C.sub.2 designates a concentration of the dope element in a second surface that is the anode current collector side, the C.sub.2 is larger than the C.sub.1.

Disclosed herein is a composite anode for a lithium secondary battery and a method of manufacturing the same. The composite anode for a lithium secondary battery where a lithium metal or a lithium metal composite is uniformly distributed and located may be manufactured using a simple pulse-electrodepositing method while minimizing an amount of lithium to be used. Moreover, a dendrite growth of lithium may be suppressed during charging because the lithium metal or the lithium metal composite is uniformly located on the porous conductor.

This negative electrode is provided with a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode mixture layer formed on the negative electrode current collector, wherein: the negative electrode mixture layer comprises a first layer arranged on the negative electrode current collector, and a second layer arranged on the first layer; the second layer includes graphite particles A having a particle internal porosity of at most 10%: the first layer includes graphite particles B having a particle internal porosity of more than 10%; and the second layer has a water contact angle of at most 50°.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide an all solid state battery in which occurrence of short circuit is inhibited. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing an all solid state battery comprising an anode including at least an anode current collector, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the anode and the cathode; wherein a protective layer containing a Mg-containing particle that contains at least Mg, and also containing a polymer, is arranged between the anode current collector and the solid electrolyte layer.

A solid ion conductor compound includes a compound represented by Formula 1:
Li.sub.6−wHf.sub.2−xM.sub.xO.sub.7−yZ.sub.y  Formula 1
where, in Formula 1, M is an element having an oxidation number of a and a is 5, 6, or a combination thereof, Z is an element having an oxidation number of −1, and 0<x<2, 0≤y≤2, and 0<w<6 and w=[(a−4)×x]+y.

A pouch cell includes a copper foil forming a pouch, an active material layer adjacent to the copper foil inside the pouch forming a cathode with the copper, and a lithium-based anode inside the pouch. The cell includes a separator interposing the one active material layer and the lithium-based anode, and an electrolyte. In other embodiments, the active material forms an anode with the copper and the cathode is a lithium-based cathode.

The invention relates to electrochemical current sources, more particularly to metal-air current sources, and even more particularly to lithium-air current sources and their electrodes. A cathode comprises a base made of a porous electrically conducting material that is permeable to molecular oxygen, the working surface of which has a copolymer applied thereto, which is produced by the copolymerization of a monomeric transition metal coordination complex having a Schiff base and a thiophene group monomer. The monomeric transition metal coordination complex having a Schiff base can be, for example, a compound of the [M(R,R′-Salen)], [M(R,R′-Saltmen)] or [M(R,R′-Salphen)] type, and the thiophene group monomer can be a compound selected from a thiophene group consisting of 3-alkylthiophenes, 3,4-dialkylthiophenes, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene or combinations thereof. A current source comprises the described cathode and an anode made from an active metal, in particular lithium, wherein the cathode and the anode are separated by an electrolyte containing ions of the metal from which the anode is made. It has been established that in this system, the copolymer exhibits the properties of an effective catalyst. The technical result is an increase in the specific energy, specific power and number of charge and discharge cycles of a metal-air current source.

Disclosed are a solid ion conductor compound represented by Formula 1, and having an argyrodite-type crystal structure, a solid electrolyte and an electrochemical cell each comprising the same, and a method of preparing the same:

Li.sub.xP.sub.yM1.sub.vS.sub.zM2.sub.wM3.sub.w′  <Formula 1> where in the above formula, M1 is an element substituted at P sites and having a larger ionic radius than that of P, M2 and M3 are different elements selected from elements of Group 17 in the periodic table, and 4≤x≤8, 0<y<1, 0<v<1, 0<z<6, 0<w<3, 0≤w′<3, and y≥v.