Provided is a positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries for making high capacity and high output compatible, non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, having the positive electrode active material adopted thereto, and a production method for a positive electrode active material in which the positive electrode active material can be easily produced in an industrial scale. A positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, contains: primary particles of a lithium nickel composite oxide represented by at least General Formula: Li.sub.zNi.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xM.sub.yO.sub.2 (0.95z1.03, 0<x0.20, 0<y0.10, x+y0.20, and M is at least one type of element selected from Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Nb, Zr, and Mo); and secondary particles configured by flocculating the primary particles, wherein an LiAl compound and an LiW compound are provided on surfaces of the primary particles.

Provided herein are energy storage devices comprising a first electrode comprising a layered double hydroxide, a conductive scaffold, and a first current collector; a second electrode comprising a hydroxide and a second current collector; a separator; and an electrolyte. In some embodiments, the specific combination of device chemistry, active materials, and electrolytes described herein form storage devices that operate at high voltage and exhibit the capacity of a battery and the power performance of supercapacitors in one device.

Described are energy storage devices employing a gas storage structure, which can accommodate or store gas evolved from the energy storage device. The energy storage device comprises an electrochemical cell with electrodes comprising metal-containing compositions, like metal oxides, metal nitrides, or metal hydrides, and a solid state electrolyte.

Provided herein are energy storage devices comprising a first electrode comprising a layered double hydroxide, a conductive scaffold, and a first current collector; a second electrode comprising a hydroxide and a second current collector; a separator; and an electrolyte. In some embodiments, the specific combination of device chemistry, active materials, and electrolytes described herein form storage devices that operate at high voltage and exhibit the capacity of a battery and the power performance of supercapacitors in one device.

An alkaline secondary battery includes at least a case, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution. The case accommodates the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution. The positive electrode includes manganese dioxide and nickel hydroxide. The negative electrode includes a hydrogen storage alloy.

Described are solid-state energy storage devices and methods of making solid-state energy storage devices in which components of the batteries are truly solid-state and do not comprise a gel. Useful electrodes include metals and metal oxides, and useful electrolytes include amorphous ceramic thin film electrolytes that permit conduction or migration of ions across the electrolyte. Disclosed methods of making solid-state energy storage devices include multi-stage deposition processes, in which an electrode is deposited in a first stage and an electrolyte is deposited in a second stage.

Systems and methods of the various embodiments may provide a battery including a rolling diaphragm configured to move to accommodate an internal volume change of one or more components of the battery. Systems and methods of the various embodiments may provide a battery housing including a rolling diaphragm seal disposed between an interior volume of the battery and an electrode assembly within the battery. Various embodiments may provide an air electrode assembly including an air electrode supported on a buoyant platform such that the air electrode is above a surface of a volume of electrolyte when the buoyant platform is floating in the electrolyte.

Systems and methods for space configurable battery structures for electrical assemblies incorporating ion exchange materials are described. One method to construct such a battery includes preparing a battery casing for a rechargeable battery. The preparing may further include placing one or more electrode materials into the casing. A monomer or a functionalized n-mer may be prepared for polymerization. The monomer or the functionalized n-mer may be polymerized to form an ion exchange material, which is then then cross-linked. The ion exchange material may be arranged to define an interpenetrating surface with at least a portion of at least one of the electrodes.

Various embodiments of the present technology comprise a method and apparatus for a battery. According to various embodiments, the battery comprises a layered structure comprising a current collector, an active material, and a non-electrically conductive permeable layer. The layered structure is repeated with a separator disposed between adjacent layered structures.

An alkali/oxidant battery is provided with an associated method of creating battery capacity. The battery is made from an anode including a reduced first alkali metal such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K), when the battery is charged. The battery's catholyte includes an element, in the battery charged state, such as nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH), manganese(IV) (oxide Mn.sup.(4+)O.sub.2), or iron(III) oxyhydroxide Fe.sup.(3+)(OH).sub.3), with the alkali metal hydroxide. An alkali metal ion permeable separator is interposed between the anolyte and the catholyte. For example, if the catholyte includes nickel(II) hydroxide (Ni(OH).sub.2) in a battery discharged state, then it includes NiOOH in a battery charged state. To continue the example, the anolyte may include dissolved lithium ions (Li.sup.+) in a discharged state, with solid phase reduced Li formed on the anode in the battery charged state.