A secondary battery includes: a solid electrolyte layer which contains a tantalum oxide as a solid electrolyte; a positive-electrode active material layer which is disposed on an upper surface of the solid electrolyte layer and contains a nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH).sub.2) as a positive-electrode active material; and a negative-electrode active material layer disposed on a lower surface of the solid electrolyte layer so as to be opposite to the positive-electrode active material layer and containing a titanium oxide (TiO.sub.x) or a titanium oxide (TiO.sub.x) and a silicon oxide (SiO.sub.x) as a negative-electrode active material. There is provided a secondary battery capable of improving electricity storage performance by improving a self-discharge.

A device for producing an energy store comprises a plurality of modules, the modules comprising a first electrode module, a second electrode module and a stack module. The energy store comprises a cell, the cell containing a first electrode, a second electrode and a separating layer, wherein the separating layer is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode module comprises a first screen printing device for producing the first electrode and the second electrode module comprises a second screen printing device for producing the second electrode.

The present invention is to provide a binder composition of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which contains a vinylidene fluoride polymer and is capable of further enhancing adhesive strength of the electrode mixture layer to a surface of a current collector. The above objective can be achieved by a binder composition of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the binder composition comprising a vinylidene fluoride copolymer for a binder of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the vinylidene fluoride copolymer containing: a first constituent unit derived from vinylidene fluoride, and a second constituent unit containing an isocyanate group or having a structure that produces an isocyanate group when heated at 200° C. for 1 hour. This binder composition can be used in a mixture for producing an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.

A battery comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodispersed nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH<7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0>−12, at least on its surface.

A three-dimensional metallic foam is fabricated with an active oxide material for use as an anode for lithium batteries. The porous metal foam, which can be fabricated by a freeze-casting process, is used as the anode current collector of the lithium battery. The porous metal foam can be heat-treated to form an active oxide material to form on the surface of the metal foam. The oxide material acts as the three-dimensional active material that reacts with lithium ions during charging and discharging.

A carbon matrix composite material, a preparation method therefor and a battery comprising the same. The carbon matrix composite material comprises micron-sized soft carbon, micron-sized hard carbon, a nano-active material, a first carbon coating layer and a second carbon coating layer, wherein the first carbon coating layer is coated on a surface of the nano-active material to form composite particles; the composite particles are dispersed on the surfaces of the soft carbon and the hard carbon, and in the second carbon coating layer; and the second carbon coating layer coats soft carbon, the hard carbon and the composite particles.

A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a lithium nickel-based composite oxide including a secondary particle in which a plurality of plate-shaped primary particles are agglomerated; and a coating layer including a fiber-shaped lithium manganese composite oxide, wherein the fiber-shaped lithium manganese composite oxide is attached to the surface of the lithium nickel-based composite oxide.

A battery comprising a high capacity electrode construction may include layering of the electrode and/or low active material loading.

An anode for an energy storage device includes a current collector having a metal oxide layer. A continuous porous lithium storage layer overlays the metal oxide layer, and a first supplemental layer overlays the continuous porous lithium storage layer. The first supplemental layer includes silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, or silicon oxynitride. The anode may further include a second supplemental layer overlaying the first supplemental layer. The second supplemental layer has a composition different from the first supplemental layer and may include silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or a metal compound.

A lithium-ion battery may include a lithium-free cathode, a lithiated anode, and a separator/electrolyte between the lithium-free cathode and the lithiated anode. The lithium-free cathode may include FeOF and MnO.sub.2. The FeOF may be in the form of nanorods, and the MnO.sub.2 may be in the form of monolayer nanosheets. The FeOF nanorods may be sandwiched or wrapped by the monolayer MnO.sub.2 nanosheets.