An electrode includes a collector, and an active material mixture layer located on the collector and containing first particles, second particles, first active material particles, and second active material particles. The active material mixture layer includes a first mixture layer located on the collector and containing the first particles and the first active material particles, and a second mixture layer located on the first mixture layer and containing the second particles and the second active material particles. The active material mixture layer has a boundary in which the first active material particles and the second active material particles are in contact with each other in a discontinuous state at least in part, in a cross-sectional view of the electrode.

Disclosed are compositions, devices, systems and fabrication methods for stretchable composite materials and stretchable electronics devices. In some aspects, an elastic composite material for a stretchable electronics device includes a first material having a particular electrical, mechanical or optical property; and a multi-block copolymer configured to form a hyperelastic binder that creates contact between the first material and the multi-block copolymer, in which the elastic composite material is structured to stretch at least 500% in at least one direction of the material and to exhibit the particular electrical, mechanical or optical property imparted from the first material. In some aspects, the stretchable electronics device includes a stretchable battery, biofuel cell, sensor, supercapacitor or other device able to be mounted to skin, clothing or other surface of a user or object.

A negative electrode that enables resistance of a battery to be lowered is provided. The negative electrode disclosed herein includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture supported by the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode mixture contains a negative electrode active material. The negative electrode current collector is made of copper or a copper alloy. A surface of the negative electrode current collector is coated by chromium. A coating amount A of chromium with respect to the negative electrode current collector is 5 μg/dm.sup.2 or more and 60 μg/dm.sup.2 or less. Blackness B of the negative electrode mixture is 3 or higher and 30 or lower. The coating amount A and the blackness B satisfy 60≤A×B≤900. The blackness B is a value obtained according to the disclosed method.

An electrochemical cell is provided which includes a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte separator, and an anode current collector located on the anode. The anode is a three-dimensional (3D) porous anode including ionically conducting electrolyte strands and pores which extend through the anode from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator. The anode also includes electronically conducting networks extending on sidewall surfaces of the pores from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator.

Provided is a sulfide all-solid battery having an anode current collector of powerful adhesiveness which is difficult to be sulfurized. The sulfide all-solid-state battery including: a cathode layer; an anode layer; and a sulfide solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer, wherein the anode layer has an anode mixture layer, and an anode current collector on a face of the anode mixture layer, the face being on an opposite side of the sulfide solid electrolyte layer, the anode current collector is electrolytic iron foil that does not substantially contain other elements, and the anode current collector has surface roughness Ra of 0.2 μm to 0.6 μm, and surface roughness Rz of 2 μm to 6 μm.

A gas diffusion layer for a metal-air battery, the gas diffusion layer including: a porous layer including non-conductive fiber structures, a conductive carbon layer including a carbon material that is disposed on a surface of a non-conductive fiber structure of the plurality of non-conductive fiber structures.

A monolithic ceramic electrochemical cell housing is provided. The housing includes two or more electrochemical sub cell housings. Each of the electrochemical sub cell housing includes an anode receptive space, a cathode receptive space, a separator between the anode receptive space and the cathode receptive space, and integrated electron conductive circuits. A first integrated electron conductive circuit is configured as an anode current collector within the anode receptive space. A second integrated electron conductive circuit is disposed as a cathode current collector within the cathode receptive space.

A battery has a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte, with the cathode having a cathode current collector and a cathode material. The cathode material has a cathode active material, which is capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating first metal ions. The electrolyte has a solvent capable of dissolving the first metal ions and second metal ions that can be reduced to a metal during a charge cycle and be oxidized from the metal to the dissolved second metal ions during a discharge cycle. The cathode current collector has an electrochemically inert carrier and graphite. The carrier is wrapped by the graphite. The cathode current collector provided has good corrosion resistance and the battery has a long floating charge life and a low cost.

An electrode includes a collector, and an active material mixture layer located on the collector and containing first particles, second particles, first active material particles, and second active material particles. The active material mixture layer includes a first mixture layer located on the collector and containing the first particles and the first active material particles, and a second mixture layer located on the first mixture layer and containing the second particles and the second active material particles. The active material mixture layer has a boundary in which the first active material particles and the second active material particles are in contact with each other in a discontinuous state at least in part, in a cross-sectional view of the electrode.

A current collector layer for an all-solid-state battery is provided with which a good electron path can be easily formed and rate characteristic can be improved. A current collector layer 5 for an all-solid-state battery 1, the current collector layer 5 including: a carbon material; and a solid electrolyte, the all-solid-state battery 1 including a group 1 or 2 ion conductive solid electrolyte layer 2, the carbon material being mixed with Si at a weight ratio of 1:1 to produce a mixture, the mixture having an X-ray diffraction spectrum having a ratio of a peak height a to a peak height b, a/b, of 0.2 or more and 10.0 or less as being measured, the peak height a being highest in a range of 2θ of 24° or more and less than 28°, and the peak height b being highest in a range of 2θ of 28° or more and less than 30°.