A machine and process for making a composite battery electrode with a conductive lead cast ribbon extending along and attached to a portion of a carbon fiber material. A lead ribbon may be continuously cast along a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material. The ribbon may be cast along an edge or edges of a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material.

A shoe for dispensing a molten metal such as lead into a mold cavity of a rotating dmm to continuously cast a web of a plurality of serially connected grids or battery composite electrodes of a carbon fiber material with a cast metal conductor. The shoe may have at least one elongate orifice slot in a face confronting the drum, a molten metal supply passage communicating with the Norifice slot and an excess molten metal return slot opening into the confronting face downstream of the supply slot relative generally to the direction of rotation of the dmm.

A positive electrode grid body for lead-acid battery includes frame rib including first and second lateral frame ribs and first and second longitudinal frame ribs, an inner rib including a plurality of lateral and longitudinal crosspieces, a plurality of opening portions, and a positive electrode current collection lug connected to the first lateral frame rib. In a region having a length of at least one opening portion or more in the lateral direction of the lateral crosspieces from the first longitudinal frame rib, a cross-sectional area of the plurality of lateral crosspieces located on at least the first lateral frame rib side becomes larger from the second longitudinal frame rib side toward a portion connected to the first longitudinal frame rib.

Disclosed is a lead acid battery having a negative electrode plate and a positive electrode plate, each plate formed of a lead-antimony grid coated with an active material. A separator is disposed between the first and second electrode plate faces and an electrolyte solution immersing the negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate the separator. At least one of the lead-antimony electrode grids, the separator or the electrolyte solution contains TiO.sub.2, an amount sufficient to suppress the migration of antimony from the positive electrode plate to the negative electrode plate.

Disclosed are electrode plates for a lead acid battery. The electrode plates are formed of an electrode plate having a face, the electrode plate comprising a lead or lead alloy grid coated with an active material and the electrode plates having a porous, non-woven mat comprised of polymer fibers coating on the face of the electrode plate, as well as a method for making the coated electrode plates and lead acid batteries containing the coated electrode plates.

A method for preparing a grid alloy of a lead battery, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing an aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy by using a molten salt electrolysis method; (2) melting the aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy with sodium and partial lead and uniformly stirring same to prepare an intermediate alloy; and (3) melting the intermediate alloy with calcium, tin and remaining lead and uniformly stirring same to form a grid alloy of a lead battery.

A method for preparing a grid alloy of a lead battery, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing an aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy by using a molten salt electrolysis method; (2) melting the aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy with sodium and partial lead and uniformly stirring same to prepare an intermediate alloy; and (3) melting the intermediate alloy with calcium, tin and remaining lead and uniformly stirring same to form a grid alloy of a lead battery.

A current collector with electrode tab areas of reduced resistance includes a polymer layer and a first metal layer. The polymer layer includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first metal layer is arranged on the first surface, and includes a first area and a second area coupled to the first area. In the direction of a thickness of the current collector, the thickness of the second area is greater than that of the first area. The present disclosure further provides an electrode plate and a battery cell using the current collector. Due to an increase of a thickness of the second area, a charge transfer resistance of the electrode tab is greatly reduced.

A current collector sheet suitable as a positive electrode current collector plate used by being attached to a resin substrate surface of a space forming member constituting a bipolar lead-acid storage battery is provided. A current collector sheet for a lead-acid storage battery has a Vickers hardness of 10 or less when measured by a micro Vickers hardness test specified in JIS Z2244:2009, has a thickness of less than 0.5 mm, and is formed of a lead alloy in which a content ratio of tin (Sn) is 1.0 mass % or more and less than 2.0 mass %, a content ratio of calcium (Ca) is 0.005 mass % or more and less than 0.030 mass %, and a balance is lead (Pb) and unavoidable impurities.

A machine and process for making a composite battery electrode with a conductive lead cast ribbon extending along and attached to a portion of a carbon fiber material. A lead ribbon may be continuously cast along a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material. The ribbon may be cast along an edge or edges of a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material.