Systems and methods for high-bandwidth, minimally invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are disclosed. The BCIs are configured for deployment and operation in conjunction with a comprehensive interventional electrophysiology procedural suite. Three primary methods of minimally invasive electrode array delivery are disclosed: (1) cortical surface delivery, (2) ventricular delivery, and (3) endovascular delivery. Additionally, systems and methods for interacting with such high-bandwidth electrode arrays are discussed, including real-time imaging, signal processing, and neural decoding. Systems and methods for architectures for accelerating the underlying computational processes (such as graphics processing units or tensor processing units) are also discussed. Multiple applications of BCIs are discussed, with emphasis on restoration, rehabilitation, and augmentation of neurologic function.

Methods and computer systems are described that classify a cardiogram as being an atrial fibrillation (AF) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiogram, automatically detect an AF epoch within an AF cardiogram, and automatically detect a VF epoch within a VF cardiogram. A classification and identification (C&I) system includes a classification system, an AF identification system, and a VF identification system. The C&I system processes cardiograms collected from patients to classify the cardiograms as being AF cardiograms or VF cardiograms and to identify AF epochs within the AF cardiograms or VF epochs within the VF cardiograms. The C&I system may then identify an AF source location of an AF based on the AF epochs and a VF source location of a VF based on the VF epochs. The C&I system may display a graphic of a heart that includes an indication of a source location.

Methods and computer systems are described that classify a cardiogram as being an atrial fibrillation (AF) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiogram, automatically detect an AF epoch within an AF cardiogram, and automatically detect a VF epoch within a VF cardiogram. A classification and identification (C&I) system includes a classification system, an AF identification system, and a VF identification system. The C&I system processes cardiograms collected from patients to classify the cardiograms as being AF cardiograms or VF cardiograms and to identify AF epochs within the AF cardiograms or VF epochs within the VF cardiograms. The C&I system may then identify an AF source location of an AF based on the AF epochs and a VF source location of a VF based on the VF epochs. The C&I system may display a graphic of a heart that includes an indication of a source location.

Methods and devices using measurements of heart electrophysiological activity to guide structural heart disease interventions. In some embodiments, measurements of heart electrophysiological activity are mapped into locations of a heart model defined by one or more additional measurement modalities. In some embodiments, the additional measurement modalities comprise impedance measurements. Locations to map electrophysiological data to, in some embodiments, are determined by non-electrophysiological measurements simultaneous with the electrophysiological data measurement which locate a probe—for example, measurements made by the probe itself, and/or measurements which themselves indicate positioning of the probe.

An implantable medical device (IMD) includes one or more stimulation engines (SEs) and selectively connectable output switching circuitry for driving a plurality of output nodes associated with a respective plurality of electrodes of the IMD's lead system when implanted in a patient. The output switching circuitry may be configured to facilitate self-test mode (STM) functionality in the IMD (e.g., when it is in a hermetically sealed package) by using a dual mode switch in series with a stimulation engine selection switch with respect to each output node in the output switching circuitry under mode selection control.

Disclosed are various examples and embodiments of a Nitinol basket for an electrophysiological (EP) mapping catheter. In one embodiment, the Nitinol basket comprises a plurality of basket splines, each basket spline having a distalmost portion and a proximal end, where the distal tip is uninterruptedly contiguous and continuous with the distalmost portions of the basket splines and formed from the same piece, slab or ingot comprising Nitinol as the splines. In such an embodiment, the basket splines and distal tip are cut and formed from a same single length or piece of Nitinol tubing or a Nitinol hypotube. The respective distal portions of each of the Nitinol splines can be continuous and contiguous with, and connected to, the Nitinol distal tip, each spline being configured to extend outwardly away from an imaginary central axis of the Nitinol basket and its proximal end and distal portion to form a curved shape therebetween when the Nitinol basket is in an undeformed and deployed state. The splines can be configured to be spaced approximately equal distances apart from one another when the Nitinol basket is in an undeformed and deployed state, and the can be configured collectively to form a basket shape when the Nitinol basket is in an undeformed, expanded and deployed state.

Disclosed are various examples and embodiments of a Nitinol basket for an electrophysiological (EP) mapping catheter. In one embodiment, the Nitinol basket comprises a plurality of basket splines, each basket spline having a distalmost portion and a proximal end, where the distal tip is uninterruptedly contiguous and continuous with the distalmost portions of the basket splines and formed from the same piece, slab or ingot comprising Nitinol as the splines. In such an embodiment, the basket splines and distal tip are cut and formed from a same single length or piece of Nitinol tubing or a Nitinol hypotube. The respective distal portions of each of the Nitinol splines can be continuous and contiguous with, and connected to, the Nitinol distal tip, each spline being configured to extend outwardly away from an imaginary central axis of the Nitinol basket and its proximal end and distal portion to form a curved shape therebetween when the Nitinol basket is in an undeformed and deployed state. The splines can be configured to be spaced approximately equal distances apart from one another when the Nitinol basket is in an undeformed and deployed state, and the can be configured collectively to form a basket shape when the Nitinol basket is in an undeformed, expanded and deployed state.

In one embodiment, a medical system includes a catheter to be inserted into a chamber of a heart, and including electrodes to capture electrical activity of tissue of the chamber over time, a display, and processing circuitry configured to compute a propagation of a cardiac activation wave over an anatomical map of the chamber from a start time in a cardiac cycle to an end time in the cardiac cycle responsively to the captured electrical activity, render to the display a sub-region of the anatomical map, select a time-bounded portion of the propagation of the cardiac activation wave commencing at a time after the start time responsively to when the propagation would commence to be rendered in the sub-region of the anatomical map, and render to the display the time-bound portion of the propagation of the cardiac activation wave on the sub-region of the anatomical map.

In one embodiment, a medical system includes a catheter to be inserted into a chamber of a heart, and including electrodes to capture electrical activity of tissue of the chamber over time, a display, and processing circuitry configured to compute a propagation of a cardiac activation wave over an anatomical map of the chamber from a start time in a cardiac cycle to an end time in the cardiac cycle responsively to the captured electrical activity, render to the display a sub-region of the anatomical map, select a time-bounded portion of the propagation of the cardiac activation wave commencing at a time after the start time responsively to when the propagation would commence to be rendered in the sub-region of the anatomical map, and render to the display the time-bound portion of the propagation of the cardiac activation wave on the sub-region of the anatomical map.

In one embodiment, a medical system includes a catheter configured to be inserted into a chamber of a heart, and including electrodes configured to capture electrical activity of tissue of the chamber over time, a display, and processing circuitry configured to compute a propagation of a cardiac activation wave over an anatomical map of the chamber of the heart from a start time in a cardiac cycle to an end time in the cardiac cycle responsively to the captured electrical activity, and render to the display respective portions of the propagation of the cardiac activation wave over respective portions of the anatomical map as viewed from a virtual camera while manipulating the virtual camera to follow progression of the propagation of the cardiac activation wave over the anatomical map.