A superconducting on-chip coiled coupled-line 90 hybrid coupler is made of a series array of repeated cells of coiled transmission lines that are inductively and capacitively coupled. The coupler splits an incoming microwave signal into two output signals of roughly equal power and separated in phase from each other by roughly 90. The coupler can be incorporated into such superconducting electronic circuits as clock-distribution networks for reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) systems, as well as Josephson-based phase shifters and vector modulators.

This invention refers to hybrid coupler with the sum port and difference port located on the same side. The hybrid coupler can be efficiently integrated into the high frequency circuit with its simple structure, using common material. To achieve this purpose, the hybrid coupler in this invention consists of the following parts: sum port, difference port, output port 1, output port 2, connection line 1, connection line 2 and microstrip line.

A feeding network of a dual-beam antenna and a dual-beam antenna are disclosed. The feeding network includes: a cavity, including an upper grounding metal plate and a lower grounding metal plate; a printed circuit board PCB, disposed inside the cavity, where a splitting network circuit and a phase-shift circuit in the feeding network are integrated into the PCB, and arrangement of the PCB and the cavity enables a wire on the PCB to have a strip line structure as a whole; and at least two radio-frequency signal input ports, where the at least two radio-frequency signal input ports are connected to the splitting network circuit on the PCB.

A directional coupler operable at microwave and RF frequencies. Embodiments of directional coupler includes a main transmission line supporting transverse electromagnetic (TEM) or quasi-TEM wave mode propagation. A coupled transmission line supports TEM or quasi-TEM wave mode propagation. The coupled transmission line is adjacent to and oriented at an angle with respect to the main transmission line. A coupling hole is formed through conductive shielding between the main and coupled lines, the coupling hole formed at an intersection region between the main and coupled lines. The angle is nominally 60 degrees for optimal directivity and isolation.

A directional coupler includes: a main line electrically connected between input and output terminals and including a first line, a second line connecting the first line and the input terminal, and a third line connecting the first line and the output terminal; a sub line electrically connected between coupling and isolation terminals and including a fourth line electromagnetically coupled with the first line, a fifth line electromagnetically coupled with the second line, and a sixth line electromagnetically coupled with the third line, the fifth line connecting the fourth line and the coupling terminal, the sixth line connecting the fourth line and the isolation terminal, and a ground conductor, shortest distances between the ground conductor and the first and fourth lines being less than shortest distances between the second, third, fifth, and sixth lines and the ground conductor.

A bi-directional coupler architecture that allows an entire radio frequency coupler to be fully integrated with other circuitry on a single IC substrate. Embodiments of the invention use a lumped component architecture instead of quarter-wave transmission lines to reduce area and limit loss on the primary signal line. In some embodiments, two directional couplers of opposite polarities are implemented at least in part using spiral secondary inductors electromagnetically coupled to a shared primary inductor signal line, thus providing a bi-directional coupler architecture.

A directional coupler includes a main line for transmitting a high frequency signal, a sub line electromagnetically coupled to the main line, a termination circuit for terminating one end portion of the sub line, and a variable filter that has an input terminal and an output terminal and the input terminal is connected to another end portion of the sub line. The variable filter is a filter unit circuit having one frequency band as a pass band or a stop band, and in the filter unit circuit, a variable passive element for shifting a frequency in the pass band or the stop band is disposed.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a directional coupler. In certain aspects, the directional coupler generally includes a first inductor and a second inductor wirelessly coupled to the first inductor. In certain aspects, the directional coupler generally includes an input port at a first terminal of the first inductor and a transmitted port at a second terminal of the first inductor. In certain aspects, the directional coupler generally includes a coupled port at a first terminal of the second inductor and an isolated port at a second terminal of the second inductor. In certain aspects, the directional coupler generally includes a first complex impedance component directly coupled to the isolated port and a second complex impedance component directly coupled to the coupled port.

An electromagnetic coupler includes a first transmission line connecting an input port to an output port and a second transmission line adjacent the first transmission line and connecting a coupled port to an isolation port. The electromagnetic coupler provides a coupled signal at the coupled port, which is representative of an input signal at the input port. The amplitude of the coupled signal is related to the amplitude of the input signal by a coupling factor. A tuning element is electromagnetically coupled to at least one of the first and second transmission lines. An adjustable impedance is coupled between the tuning element and a reference node. Varying resistive impedance components causes an adjustment to the coupling factor and reactive impedance components provide frequency filtering effects.

A method of manufacturing a broadside-coupled directional coupler including a main line and a sub line which are broadside-coupled to each other is provided. The method includes at least two adjustment processes. A line width of a coupled line part of the sub line on a first surface of a dielectric substrate is adjusted wherein the dielectric substrate having a second surface being opposite to the first surface, and the second surface has a ground plane. A position of a boundary portion where the ground plane and the coupled line are in contact with each other is adjusted.