Aspects described herein relate to a base station for providing air-to-ground wireless communication over various altitudes. The base station includes a first antenna array comprising one or more antennas configured to form a first cell coverage area extending substantially from a horizon up to a first elevation angle away from the first antenna array to a predetermined distance from the first antenna array. The base station further includes a second antenna array configured at an uptilt elevation angle to form a second cell coverage area extending at least from the first elevation angle to a second elevation away from the second antenna array, wherein the first cell coverage area and the second cell coverage area are concentric to define the ATG cell at least to the predetermined distance and up to a predetermined elevation.

A cellular type communications system for cellular telephone networks to operate, control and communicate with unmanned aerial vehicles and remote piloted vehicles, the system including a first near-ground region to communicate with devices near the ground, as well as one or more layers covering roughly the same areal extent as the ground region but which are separated from each other and also elevated above ground substantially, and within which an aerial vehicle may rely on communications using the cell-based communications network.

A telecommunications antenna comprising a plurality of unit cells each including at least one radiator which transmits RF energy within a bandwidth range which is a multiple of another radiator. The radiators are proximal to each other such that a resonant condition may be induced into the at least one radiator upon activation of the other radiator. At least one of the radiators is segmented into capacitively-connected radiator elements to suppress a resonance response therein upon activation of the other of the radiator.

A multibeam hemispherical X-band array inserts nulls at horizontal and near horizontal angles to suppress interfering signals, without degrading authentic signals arriving at other angles. The multibeam hemispherical array includes three annular (360) rows of antenna elements, each row having 64 elements. Elements of the first row, which have the smallest elevation angle, have pairs of circular patches coupled with a phase delay line. Each pair of circular patches is spaced apart from and aligned with two pairs of similarly shaped (circular) and sized parasitic directors. The spacing between driven patches of adjacent elements in a row is about equal to one half of the wavelength of the radiated wave. The array fits within a conventional 24-inch diameter marine radome.

There is provided an antenna arrangement having unequally many physical antenna elements for transmission and reception. The antenna arrangement comprises physical antenna elements. All physical antenna elements are configured for signal reception but less than all of the physical antenna elements are configured for both signal transmission and signal reception. A first portion of those physical antenna elements configured for both signal transmission and signal reception and a second portion of those physical antenna elements configured for both signal transmission and signal reception are in the antenna arrangement placed to, during operation of the antenna arrangement, be vertically separated by physical antenna elements configured for only signal reception.

A base station antenna comprises a reflector, a plurality of first radiating elements arranged in a first column that extends in a vertical direction, a plurality of second radiating element arranged in a second column that extends in the vertical direction, and a plurality of parasitic elements, where the parasitic elements are arranged around the first radiating elements and/or second radiating elements. Each parasitic element is configured as a rod-shaped metal part, where a longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped metal part extends at an angle of between 70° to 110° with respect to a plane defined by the reflector, and the parasitic elements are positioned in front of the reflector in and are electrically floating with respect to the reflector.

An antenna device, an array of antenna devices, and a base station having an antenna device. A radiator is configured to radiate an electromagnetic signal in a direction parallel to a radiating axis of the antenna device. The radiator has a substantially planar shape perpendicular to the radiating axis and a resonant structure adjacent to the radiator. The resonant structure has a substantially planar shape parallel to the radiator, wherein the radiator is configured to radiate the electromagnetic signal in a first frequency band and the resonant structure is configured to have a resonant frequency within the first frequency band.

A base station antenna, including power dividers, network calibration modules, and connectors. The base station antenna includes at least two phase shifters. At least one phase shifter is integrated with a combiner, the connectors are connected to the network calibration modules, and the network calibration modules are connected to the phase shifters. The one phase shifter integrated with the combiner is connected to the power divider, and at least one output port of the at least one other phase shifter is connected to the phase shifter integrated with the combiner. The base station antenna has an integrated design of phase shifters and combiners.

There are provided mechanisms for beam forming using an antenna array comprising dual polarized elements. A method comprises generating one or two beam ports. The one or two beam ports are defined by combining at least two non-overlapping subarrays. Each subarray has two subarray ports. The two subarray ports have identical power patterns and mutually orthogonal polarizations. The at least two non-overlapping subarrays are combined via expansion weights. The expansion weights and map the one or two beam ports to subarray ports such that the one or two beam ports have the same power pattern as the subarrays. At least some of the expansion weights have identical non-zero magnitude and are related in phase to form a transmission lobe. The method comprises transmitting signals using said one or two beam ports.

The present disclosure relates to a 5.sup.th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rates than 4.sup.th generation (4G) communication systems such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE). According to one or more embodiments, an antenna includes: a first metal patch; a second metal patch; a feeding circuit; and a substrate. The first metal patch and the second metal patch are arranged on the substrate. The feeding circuit is coupled to the substrate and is spaced apart from the first metal patch.