Some aspects of the present disclosure are related to articles for measuring electrical signals internal to a subject, e.g., of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). The articles, in some embodiments, are ingestible and/or implantable. In some embodiments, the articles comprise a substrate comprising a plurality of electrodes, the substrate having a Young's elastic modulus of greater than or equal to 0.01 MPa and less than or equal to 200 MPa. In some such cases, the Young's elastic modulus of the substrate facilitates elastic recoil of the substrate such that at least a portion of the plurality of electrodes contact a surface of a tissue at the location internal to the subject (e.g., the GI tract) and thus facilitate measurement of electrical signals at the location internal to the subject. Other aspects are related to methods of using the articles, for example, to monitor electrical signals from the location internal to the subject.

An electrode patch 100 for monitoring electrical activity generated by a subject is disclosed. The electrode patch comprises a plurality of spatially arranged electrodes 102 for contacting an outer surface of a skin of the subject to sense and measure electrical potentials at multiple electrodes 102. The electrode patch 100 further comprises at least one connector portion 104 for connecting to a connector of a connector device. The connector portion 104 is spaced apart from the electrodes 102 and is electrically connected with the electrodes 102. A connector device for connecting to such electrode patch is also disclosed.

An electrode patch 100 for monitoring electrical activity generated by a subject is disclosed. The electrode patch comprises a plurality of spatially arranged electrodes 102 for contacting an outer surface of a skin of the subject to sense and measure electrical potentials at multiple electrodes 102. The electrode patch 100 further comprises at least one connector portion 104 for connecting to a connector of a connector device. The connector portion 104 is spaced apart from the electrodes 102 and is electrically connected with the electrodes 102. A connector device for connecting to such electrode patch is also disclosed.

The present invention discloses systems and methods for mapping gastric activity with an electrode array patch disposed over an abdomen skin surface of a patient. A method may include measuring electrical signals associated with gastric activity of the patient with the electrode array patch over a predetermined time period and concurrently receiving patient symptom information, determining one or more normalized biometrics from the measured electrical signals, correlating the one or more normalized biometrics and the patient symptom information, determining a measure of correlation, determining a measure of temporal association, and determining a gastrointestinal phenotype of the patient based at least in part on the measure of correlation and the measure of temporal association. The present invention advantageously enables mapping of gut motility patterns at high spatial resolution for the identification of gastric disorders and provides biomarkers of pathophysiology which include correlations with symptom severity profiles.

A system and a method for analyzing spectral peaks associated with movement in a gastrointestinal tract, the method comprising: determining spectral data from electromyographic data originating from smooth muscles associated with one or more organs of the gastrointestinal tract; executing a mathematical fit of the spectral data based on at least one shaping function; identifying, based on the executed mathematical fit, one or more candidate peaks in the spectral data for a time interval; determining, for the one or more candidate peaks, a plurality of parameters that quantify underlying rhythmic activity of one or more gastrointestinal organ of the gastrointestinal tract; and selecting, based on the determined plurality of parameters and the mathematical fit, at least one of the one or more candidate peaks to represent valid activity of the gastrointestinal tract during the time interval.

A system and a method for analyzing spectral peaks associated with movement in a gastrointestinal tract, the method comprising: determining spectral data from electromyographic data originating from smooth muscles associated with one or more organs of the gastrointestinal tract; executing a mathematical fit of the spectral data based on at least one shaping function; identifying, based on the executed mathematical fit, one or more candidate peaks in the spectral data for a time interval; determining, for the one or more candidate peaks, a plurality of parameters that quantify underlying rhythmic activity of one or more gastrointestinal organ of the gastrointestinal tract; and selecting, based on the determined plurality of parameters and the mathematical fit, at least one of the one or more candidate peaks to represent valid activity of the gastrointestinal tract during the time interval.

The present invention discloses systems and methods for mapping gastric activity with an electrode array patch disposed over an abdomen skin surface of a patient. A method may include measuring electrical signals associated with gastric activity of the patient with the electrode array patch over a predetermined time period and concurrently receiving patient symptom information, determining one or more normalized biometrics from the measured electrical signals, correlating the one or more normalized biometrics and the patient symptom information, determining a measure of correlation, determining a measure of temporal association, and determining a gastrointestinal phenotype of the patient based at least in part on the measure of correlation and the measure of temporal association. The present invention advantageously enables mapping of gut motility patterns at high spatial resolution for the identification of gastric disorders and provides biomarkers of pathophysiology which include correlations with symptom severity profiles.

The present invention discloses systems and methods for mapping gastric activity with an electrode array patch disposed over an abdomen skin surface of a patient. A method may include measuring electrical signals associated with gastric activity of the patient with the electrode array patch over a predetermined time period and concurrently receiving patient symptom information, determining one or more normalized biometrics from the measured electrical signals, correlating the one or more normalized biometrics and the patient symptom information, determining a measure of correlation, determining a measure of temporal association, and determining a gastrointestinal phenotype of the patient based at least in part on the measure of correlation and the measure of temporal association. The present invention advantageously enables mapping of gut motility patterns at high spatial resolution for the identification of gastric disorders and provides biomarkers of pathophysiology which include correlations with symptom severity profiles.

Provided are devices and methods for preventing an episode of incontinence in an individual in need thereof. The devices comprise a sensor and a stimulator electrode that can be implanted into the body of the individual. Once the device is implanted in the individual, the sensor of the device senses a parameter that is associated with a response from the individual that is intended to prevent an episode of incontinence. Then, the device provides an electrical stimulation using the electrode that, together with the response, helps to prevent the episode of incontinence.

Systems and methods for monitoring an implantable pulse generator are provided. The system may comprise an implantable pulse generator configured to generate a current and an electrode configured to apply the current to an anatomical element. Patient feedback may be monitoring using at least one device and an activation signal may be generated based on the patient feedback. The activation signal may be transmitted to the implantable pulse generator to cause the implantable pulse generator to generate the current, thereby causing the electrode to apply the current to the anatomical element.