The invention provides a closed-loop spinal cord electrical stimulation system, including a spinal epidural electrical stimulation electrode, a low limb electrical stimulation electrode, a closed-loop electrical stimulator and a controller. The spinal epidural electrical stimulation electrode, the low limb electrical stimulation electrode and the controller are electrically connected to the closed-loop electrical stimulator respectively. The spinal epidural electrical stimulation electrode is used for applying a first electrical stimulation to the spinal epidural site, and the low limb electrical stimulation electrode is used for applying a second electrical stimulation to a low limb. The voltage of the first electric stimulation is 400-600 mV, the voltage of the second electric stimulation is 1 V-1.5 V, and the stimulation frequency of the both is 10-20 Hz. The stimulation system can send electrophysiological signals similar to sensorimotor neural circuitry to the subject with spinal cord injury, and can activate and remodel the neural circuit.

A respiration sensor is described of a respiration implant system for an implanted patient with impaired breathing. A sensor body is made of electrically insulating material and is configured to fit between two adjacent ribs and between the pectoralis muscle and the parasternal muscle of the implanted patient, with the bottom surface adjacent to an superficial surface of the parasternal muscle and the top surface adjacent to a profound surface of the pectoralis muscle. At least one parasternal sensor electrode is located on the bottom surface of the sensor body and is configured to cooperate with the electrically insulating material of the sensor body to sense a parasternal electromyography (EMG) signal representing electrical activity of the adjacent parasternal muscle with minimal influence by electrical activity of the nearby pectoralis muscle.

A neurostimulation system includes an electromyographic (EMG) electrode; a neural electrode implantable in a deep cerebellar nuclei of a subject; a data acquisition unit in communication with the EMG electrode for receiving and transmitting a EMG signal; and a processor in communication with the data acquisition unit, the processor generates a EMG pattern based on the EMG signal and outputs a stimulation signal to the neural electrode when the EMG pattern is indicative of an abnormal motor movement. A method of modulating an abnormal motor movement of a subject by using the neurostimulation system.

A method of evaluating rehabilitation potential in patients experiencing painful musculoskeletal or neuropathic conditions or both, by maximizing multidimensional rehabilitation outcomes by better identifying the specific needs of each patient; understanding the many obstacles to rehabilitation success falling into motivational, physical, and emotional categories; physical obstacles to rehabilitation including but not limited to incorrect diagnoses and deconditioning; emotional obstacles including fear avoidance, catastrophizing, generalized anxiety, depression, childhood adverse events, emotional awareness deficits; and motivational obstacles including factitious disorder, personality disorders, malingering and apathy. The resulting comprehensive pain rehabilitation program combines multiple treatment options. Medicinal treatments include anti-inflammatory medications; muscle relaxants; opioids and cannabinoids; injection therapies; neuropathic medications; and pain adjuvant medications. Mental health services include mindfulness, biofeedback, progressive relaxation, cognitive behavioral therapies, logotherapy, and trauma therapies. Physical rehabilitation services include physical or occupational therapy; chiropractic; massage therapy; acupuncture; osteopathy and personalized exercises.

A method of evaluating rehabilitation potential in patients experiencing painful musculoskeletal or neuropathic conditions or both, by maximizing multidimensional rehabilitation outcomes by better identifying the specific needs of each patient; understanding the many obstacles to rehabilitation success falling into motivational, physical, and emotional categories; physical obstacles to rehabilitation including but not limited to incorrect diagnoses and deconditioning; emotional obstacles including fear avoidance, catastrophizing, generalized anxiety, depression, childhood adverse events, emotional awareness deficits; and motivational obstacles including factitious disorder, personality disorders, malingering and apathy. The resulting comprehensive pain rehabilitation program combines multiple treatment options. Medicinal treatments include anti-inflammatory medications; muscle relaxants; opioids and cannabinoids; injection therapies; neuropathic medications; and pain adjuvant medications. Mental health services include mindfulness, biofeedback, progressive relaxation, cognitive behavioral therapies, logotherapy, and trauma therapies. Physical rehabilitation services include physical or occupational therapy; chiropractic; massage therapy; acupuncture; osteopathy and personalized exercises.

A nerve stimulation system including a stimulation probe including a handle and a stimulation head at an end of the handle; a reference electrode; and a control system in communication with the stimulation probe and the reference electrode, the control system configured to generate an electrical stimulation signal that, when delivered to a skin surface of a patient using the stimulation probe, induces an activation potential in a plurality of nociceptors while remaining below a threshold that induces a muscle contractile response.

The present disclosure relates to a neuromonitoring device. The neuromonitoring device may include a probe, an operation part, and a display part. The probe may include a probe head, an elastic piece, and an elastic measuring piece. The probe head may be connected to the elastic piece. The elastic measuring piece may be connected to the elastic piece and may be used to measure an elasticity value of the elastic piece and convert the elasticity value into a first electrical signal. The display part may be configured to display prompt information. The prompt information may include prompt information regarding the elasticity value determined based on the first electrical signal.

A method for assessing pain caused by administration of a drug solution includes: anesthetizing an experimental animal; inserting a measurement electrode into skeletal muscle of the anesthetized experimental animal; puncturing an injection needle into a predetermined part of the anesthetized experimental animal while measuring a myoelectric potential of the skeletal muscle with the measurement electrode; administering a drug solution to the anesthetized experimental animal; and (i) measuring a duration time of the myoelectric response caused by the administration of the drug solution, and/or (ii) measuring an EMG intensity obtained by integrating absolute values of myoelectric potentials during a period from occurrence of the myoelectric response by the administration of the drug solution to disappearance of the myoelectric response.

The provided systems, methods and devices describe lightweight, wireless tissue monitoring devices that are capable of establishing conformal contact due to the flexibility or bendability of the device. The described systems and devices are useful, for example, for skin-mounted intraoperative monitoring of nerve-muscle activity. The present systems and methods are versatile and may be used for a variety of tissues (e.g. skin, organs, muscles, nerves, etc.) to measure a variety of different parameters (e.g. electric signals, electric potentials, electromyography, movement, vibration, acoustic signals, response to various stimuli, etc.).

A rehabilitation system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a wearable device for measuring rehabilitation exercise information of a user and a user electronic device receiving the rehabilitation exercise information from the wearable device and driving an avatar training program. The user electronic device may receive the avatar training program recommended based on user personal information and the rehabilitation exercise information from a rehabilitation program recommendation server. According to the present invention, a rehabilitation effect can be enhanced by performing a rehabilitation exercise according to a rehabilitation program suitable for a user using a wearable device and a user electronic device.