An optical element for a deep-ultraviolet light source includes a crystalline substrate; a coating on an exterior surface of the crystalline substrate, the coating having a thickness along a direction that extends away from the exterior surface; and a structure on and/or in the coating, the structure including a plurality of features that extend away from the crystalline substrate along the direction. The features include an amorphous dielectric material and are arranged such that an index of refraction of the structure varies along the direction.

In various embodiments, monitoring of one or more secondary diffracted beams formed within a laser resonator provides information based at least in part on which a primary diffracted beam formed within the laser resonator is controlled.

A spectral beam combining system includes a plurality of input fibers and a prism having a curved input surface. The plurality of input fibers are attached to the curved input surface. The spectral beam combining system also includes an immersion grating defined on a second surface of the prism, a protective cap disposed over the immersion grating, and an output surface.

A system and method for tuning and infrared source laser in the Mid-IR wavelength range. The system and method comprising, at least, a plurality of individually tunable emitters, each emitter emitting a beam having a unique wavelength, a grating, a mirror positioned after the grating to receive at least one refracted order of light of at least one beam and to redirect the beam back towards the grating, and a micro-electro-mechanical systems device containing a plurality of adjustable micro-mirrors.

A light source device including: a first light source configured to coaxially combine a plurality of first laser beams, each having a peak wavelength within a first wavelength range, to thereby generate and emit a first wavelength-combined beam; a second light source configured to coaxially combine a plurality of second laser beams, each having a peak wavelength within a second wavelength range that defines a range of peak wavelengths shorter than the peak wavelengths in the first wavelength range, to thereby generate and emit a second wavelength-combined beam; and a wavelength filter configured to coaxially combine the first wavelength-combined beam and the second wavelength-combined beam to thereby generate and emit a third wavelength-combined beam.

In various embodiments, laser systems or resonators incorporate two separate cooling loops that may be operated at different cooling temperatures. One cooling loop, which may be operated at a lower temperature, cools beam emitters. The other cooling loop, which may be operated at a higher temperature, cools other mechanical and/or optical components, for example optical elements such as lenses and/or reflectors.

In various embodiments, laser resonators include enclosed cooling manifolds defining protrusions each configured to conduct heat-exchange fluid to a beam emitter in the resonator. Installation of such cooling manifolds may be facilitated via use of a rigid installation tool functioning as a mechanical reference, prior to installation of the beam emitters and sealing of the beam emitters to the cooling manifold.

An optical assembly reduces a spectral bandwidth of an output beam of a laser. The assembly includes a beam-expanding optical unit within a laser resonator. The latter serves to increase a beam cross section of a resonator-internal laser beam in at least one expansion cross-sectional dimension such that at least one resonator-internal expansion laser beam section arises. The assembly also includes an optical grating in a retroreflective arrangement for the resonator-internal laser beam. A beam-limiting stop acts in the expansion cross-sectional dimension and is arranged in the beam path of the expansion laser beam section. This yields an optical assembly in which unwanted thermal effects on account of optical components of the optical assembly heating during laser operation due to a local power density of the resonator-internal laser beam are reduced or avoided.

In various embodiments, monitoring of one or more secondary diffracted beams formed within a laser resonator provides information based at least in part on which a primary diffracted beam formed within the laser resonator is controlled.

An optical power transmission apparatus includes: a light emitting unit including a first optical gain generating means and a first light reflecting means; an optical fiber; a second light reflecting means; and a light receiving means. Further, the second light reflecting means is arranged nearer to the light receiving means than the optical fiber is, a first laser resonator is formed, between the first light reflecting means and the second light reflecting means, by optical connection between the first optical gain generating means and the optical fiber, and first laser light generated by the first laser resonator is configured to be incident on the light receiving means.