A femtosecond laser oscillator includes a 532 nm pump laser light, a Ti-doped sapphire, a laser resonator, and a dispersion compensation element, etc. The 532 nm pump laser light is radiated via a pump laser light guide device to the Ti-doped sapphire and generates stimulated radiation, the stimulated radiation light oscillates back and forth in the laser resonator and thereby is amplified, and continuous light is outputted. The dispersion compensation element is disposed in the resonator to compensate the dispersion of the outputted laser light resulted from oscillation of the laser light in the resonator to attain a mode locking condition. The mode locking means of the laser against disturbance is implemented in a form of return light outside the resonator, specifically, the emitted continuous light is returned to a femtosecond laser partially and thereby mode locking is achieved, and output of femtosecond pulses is realized.

An M-output, where M>1, chirped pulse amplification chain that includes a stretcher of stretching factor tx_stretch, M amplifiers in cascade, M output compressors respectively placed at the output of each amplifier, wherein it comprises: a partially compressing device placed between the stretcher and the first amplifier, this partially compressing device having at least one partial compression factor, the one (or more than one) partial compression factor(s) being lower than tx_stretch, and an optical switch configured to receive a beam output from the stretcher and to direct it directly to the first amplifier of the cascade or to the partially compressing device depending on the output compressor chosen among the output compressors.

A deformometer includes: a cavity body; entry and exit optical cavity optics, such that the optical cavity produces filtered combined light from combined light; a first laser that provides first light; a second laser that provides second light; an optical combiner that: receives the first light; receives the second light; combines the first light and the second light; produces combined light from the first light and the second light; and communicates the combined light to the entry optical cavity optic; a beam splitter that: receives the filtered combined light; splits the filtered combined light; a first light detector in optical communication with the beam splitter and that: receives the first filtered light from the beam splitter; and produces a first cavity signal from the first filtered light; and a second light detector that: receives the second filtered light; and produces a second cavity signal from the second filtered light.

A deformometer includes: a cavity body; entry and exit optical cavity optics, such that the optical cavity produces filtered combined light from combined light; a first laser that provides first light; a second laser that provides second light; an optical combiner that: receives the first light; receives the second light; combines the first light and the second light; produces combined light from the first light and the second light; and communicates the combined light to the entry optical cavity optic; a beam splitter that: receives the filtered combined light; splits the filtered combined light; a first light detector in optical communication with the beam splitter and that: receives the first filtered light from the beam splitter; and produces a first cavity signal from the first filtered light; and a second light detector that: receives the second filtered light; and produces a second cavity signal from the second filtered light.

A deformometer includes: a cavity body; entry and exit optical cavity optics, such that the optical cavity produces filtered combined light from combined light; a first laser that provides first light; a second laser that provides second light; an optical combiner that: receives the first light; receives the second light; combines the first light and the second light; produces combined light from the first light and the second light; and communicates the combined light to the entry optical cavity optic; a beam splitter that: receives the filtered combined light; splits the filtered combined light; a first light detector in optical communication with the beam splitter and that: receives the first filtered light from the beam splitter; and produces a first cavity signal from the first filtered light; and a second light detector that: receives the second filtered light; and produces a second cavity signal from the second filtered light.

There is described a device for generating electromagnetic field oscillation in a RF device or cavity. The device generally has a photo-diode configured for receiving a laser pulse train and emitting a first electrical signal based thereon, the first electrical signal having a plurality of frequencies; and a harmonics selector configured to output a second electrical signal having one or more frequency of the first electrical signal, the one or more frequency being selected in a manner for the output to generate the electromagnetic field oscillation in the RF device or cavity.

Provided is a solid-state laser device in which a linear resonator including an output mirror and a rear mirror, a laser rod, and optical members are provided on a common base and are contained in a housing having the base as a portion. A holding part is provided to hold an excitation light source that extends parallel to the laser rod on a side of the laser rod opposite to the base. The optical members including a Q-switch are disposed between the laser rod and the rear mirror. An upper end position of the output mirror is at a position lower than a lower end position of the excitation light source held by the holding part, with the base as a reference. The holding part holds the excitation light source so as to be capable of being inserted and extracted with respect to the output mirror side in a longitudinal direction of the excitation light source.

Direct diode-pumped Ti:sapphire laser amplifiers use fiber-coupled laser diodes as pump beam sources. The pump beam may be polarized or non-polarized. Light at wavelengths below 527 nm may be used in cryogenic configurations. Multiple diode outputs may be polarization or spectrally combined.

Disclosed are an ultrafast electric pulse generation and detection device and a use method thereof. The device includes a laser and an electric pulse generator. The electric pulse generator includes: a photoelectric material layer including an optically controlled switching region for responding to excitation light generated by the laser; an insulating layer formed on the photoelectric material layer, wherein a switch structure exists at a position of the insulating layer corresponding to the optically controlled switching region, so that the optically controlled switching region is partially exposed or completely exposed; transmission lines are formed on the insulating layer.

A nonlinear crystal including stacked strontium tetraborate SrB.sub.4O.sub.7 (SBO) crystal plates that are cooperatively configured to create a periodic structure for quasi-phase-matching (QPM) is used in the final frequency doubling stage of a laser assembly to generate laser output light having a wavelength in the range of about 180 nm to 200 nm. One or more fundamental laser beams are frequency doubled, down-converted and/or summed using one or more frequency conversion stages to generate an intermediate frequency light with a corresponding wavelength in the range of about 360 nm to 400 nm, and then the final frequency converting stage utilizes the nonlinear crystal to double the frequency of the intermediate frequency light to generate the desired laser output light at high power. Methods, inspection systems, lithography systems and cutting systems incorporating the laser assembly are also described.