A method for fabricating electrodes sized and dimensioned to record, measure, and/or stimulate very fine nerve structures (e.g., microscale or less) is described herein. The method can include securing a tip of an electrode, comprising a conductor substantially encased by an insulator, to a proximal portion of an inserter. The electrode can be wound around a proximal portion of the inserter and a portion of the electrode can be secured to a distal portion of the inserter. A tension in the electrode can be maintained during the winding to keep the electrode in place during the winding.

The present disclosure generally provides methods of implanting an implantable device in contact with a brain of a subject. Also provided are kits and systems for the implantation of one or more implantable devices.

In accordance with one embodiment, an automated probe system includes a probe configured to be reversibly inserted into a live body part, a robotic arm attached to the probe and configured to manipulate the probe, a first sensor configured to track movement of the probe during an insertion and a reinsertion of the probe in the live body part, a second sensor configured to track movement of the live body part, and a controller configured to calculate an insertion path of the probe in the live body part based on the tracked movement of the probe during the insertion, and calculate a reinsertion path of the probe based on the calculated insertion path while compensating for the tracked movement of the live body part, and send control commands to the robotic arm to reinsert the probe in the live body part according to the calculated reinsertion path.

Systems and methods of controlling a device using detected changes in a neural-related signal of a subject are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of controlling a device or software application comprises detecting a first change in a neural-related signal of a subject, detecting a second change in the neural-related signal, and transmitting an input command to the device upon or following the detection of the second change in the neural-related signal. The neural-related signal can be detected using a neural interface implanted within a brain of the subject.

A device or system for delivering fluid to or removing fluid from a CSF-containing space of a brain and for recording electrical activity from white or grey matter in the brain includes a catheter including a proximal end, a distal end portion, a first lumen extending from the proximal end to the distal end portion, and one or more electrodes positioned relative to the catheter a distance from a distal end of the catheter, such that the one or more electrodes would be placed in contact with white or grey matter of the brain if the distal end of the catheter were positioned in the CSF-containing space. The catheter may include the electrodes or a lead adjacent the catheter may include the electrodes.

The present disclosure relates generally to systems, methods, and devices for closed loop deep brain stimulation. In particular, a neural signal is measured and provided to software. The software includes a feature generator and a brain network model that takes the neural signal and estimates other neural signals that are not directly measured, and operates as a model of the brain. The software determines a stimulation signal to be sent to stimulating electrodes. Estimated signals by the brain network model are continuously compared to actual signals from the brain. The closed loop feedback system advantageously allows for electrical stimulation levels and patterns to be continuously updated while delivered to a patient.

A neural interface device that comprises an implantable microelectrode body. The implantable microelectrode body includes a neural interface probe, which includes a thin film metal trace connected to an interface pad and an amorphous silicon carbide insulation. The amorphous silicon carbide insulation surrounds the thin film metal trace to form an outside surface of the neural interface probe. The interface pad is exposed to an ambient environment of the neural interface probe through an opening in the amorphous silicon carbide insulation. Methods of manufacturing the neural interface device are disclosed.

The invention encompasses systems and methods that allow a clinician who is untrained in the art of electroencephalography to insert and functionalize unitized intracranial electrode arrays at the bedside that, by specific design, position ground and reference electrodes in electrically “quiet” locations to record durable, high-fidelity intracortical EEG.

Neural activity in the brain arising from a stimulus is monitored. A stimulus is applied to a target structure of the brain and a neural measurement is obtained from at least one electrode implanted in contact with the target structure. The neural measurement is configured to capture a measure of any late response arising in the target structure, typically being a neural response arising after conclusion of an ECAP, such as in the period 1.5-10 ms after stimulus onset. The late response(s) can be a useful biomarker such as of therapeutic ranges of deep brain stimulation, disease progression, medication efficacy, and intra-operative changes.

There is provided a system, system architecture, and method for neural cross-frequency coupling analysis. In an embodiment, the method includes: receiving neural signals; extracting a phase frequency signal and an amplitude frequency envelope signal from each of the neural signals; determining a first measure of cross-frequency coupling comprising a mean vector length modulation index (MVL-MI), determining the MVL-MI comprises determining a magnitude of an averaged complex-valued time series from a plurality of samples of the neural signals to extract a phase-amplitude coupling measure, each sample associated with a respective one of the amplitude frequency envelope signals and the phase frequency signals; and outputting at least one measure of the cross-frequency coupling.