A communication system includes a transmitter that encodes binary bits of each of a plurality of data streams into a plurality of symbols and converts the plurality of symbols into a plurality of output signals, respectively corresponding to a plurality of channels, the converting based on a transmission rule defined by a first matrix; and a receiver that combines the plurality of output signals, received through the plurality of channels, the combining based on a reception rule defined by a second matrix, the combining restoring the plurality of symbols, and the receiver decodes the plurality of symbols into the binary bits. The first matrix and the second matrix are determined based on a third matrix that models a crosstalk effect between adjacent channels from among the plurality of channels, to reduce the crosstalk effect.

A three-valued signal generation device includes a first differential amplifier that outputs a differential signal, a second differential amplifier that outputs a differential signal and an inverted differential signal in accordance with a level based on a reference voltage of an inverted pseudo LFPS signal, which is obtained by inverting a logic level of the pseudo LFPS signal, a first signal synthesis unit that synthesizes the differential signal from the first differential amplifier and the inverted differential signal from the second differential amplifier to perform positive logic output of a three-valued LFPS signal, and a second signal synthesis unit that synthesizes the inverted differential signal from the first differential amplifier and the differential signal from the second differential amplifier to perform negative logic output of the three-valued LFPS signal.

A three-valued signal generation device includes a first differential amplifier that outputs a differential signal, a second differential amplifier that outputs a differential signal and an inverted differential signal in accordance with a level based on a reference voltage of an inverted pseudo LFPS signal, which is obtained by inverting a logic level of the pseudo LFPS signal, a first signal synthesis unit that synthesizes the differential signal from the first differential amplifier and the inverted differential signal from the second differential amplifier to perform positive logic output of a three-valued LFPS signal, and a second signal synthesis unit that synthesizes the inverted differential signal from the first differential amplifier and the differential signal from the second differential amplifier to perform negative logic output of the three-valued LFPS signal.

A method and a transmitter for transmitting a pay load sequence are provided. The transmitter includes a ternary sequence mapper configured to map a binary data sequence to a ternary sequence stored in the transmitter, and a pulse shaping filter configured to generate a first signal based on the mapped ternary sequence. The ternary sequence includes elements of 1, 0, and 1

Provided is a transmission device including a transmitter. The transmitter includes a first output, a second output, and a third output, and is configured to transmit a symbol signal corresponding to a combination of signals of the first output, the second output, and the third output. An output impedance of the second output is lower than an output impedance of the first output.

Methods, apparatus, and systems for data communication over a multi-wire, multi-phase interface are disclosed. A method for calibrating a clock recovery circuit includes recovering a first clock signal from transitions between pairs of symbols representative of successive signaling states of a 3-wire interface, where each pair of symbols includes a first symbol and a second symbol, generating a second clock signal by delaying the first clock signal by a first delay value, generating a third clock signal by delaying the second clock signal, calibrating the second clock signal and the third clock signal by initializing the first delay value such that the first sampling circuit, the second sampling circuit and the third sampling circuit capture the same symbol in a first pair of symbols, and incrementally increasing the first delay value until the second sampling circuit and the third sampling circuit capture different symbols from each pair of symbols.

A transmitter according to the disclosure includes: three first driver sections; three first pre-driver sections that are provided corresponding to the respective three first driver sections, and each drive corresponding one of the first driver sections on a basis of corresponding one of three first control signals that are different from one another and each including predetermined number of signals; a second pre-driver section that operates on a basis of a second control signal that includes predetermined number of signals; and a controller that controls transition of the predetermined number of signals included in the second control signal to allow number of signals to be subjected to the transition out of the plurality of signals included in the three first control signals and the plurality of signals included in the second control signal to be same between timings of the transition.

A data transmission and reception system may include: a data transmission apparatus configured to generate N Tx signals having discrete levels using N binary data, and output the N Tx signals to N single-ended signal lines, respectively, where N is a natural number equal to or larger than 2; and a data reception apparatus configured to receive the N Tx signals transmitted in parallel through the single-ended signal lines, and restore the N binary data by comparing the received N Tx signals to each other.

Embodiments herein achieve a method and system for selecting non-coherent spreading sequences with binary alphabets {0, 1} with variable spreading factors. The method generates circular shift equivalent sets of spreading sequences by circularly shifting base sequences with elements {1, 0} and having at least one variable spreading factor. The method determines whether each spreading sequence in the circular shift equivalent set meets pre-defined spreading sequence criteria. The spreading sequence criteria comprise balanced criteria, a non- repetition criteria, non-circular criteria, and conjugate criteria. Furthermore, the method selects the spreading sequence from expansions of at least one spreading sequence from the circular shift equivalent sets in response to determining that the spreading sequences in the circular shift equivalent sets meets the pre-defined spreading sequence criteria.

The present invention describes a method and system for simultaneous transmission of data to coherent and non-coherent receivers. The method at the transmitter includes retrieving a base ternary sequence having a pre-defined length, obtaining one or more ternary sequences corresponding to data to be transmitted and transmitting the obtained one or more ternary sequences by the transmitter. The method steps at the receiver includes receiving one or more ternary sequences corresponding to the data transmitted, demodulating each of the received ternary sequences by correlating with all cyclic shifts of the base ternary sequence by the receiver if the receiver is a coherent receiver, demodulating each of the received ternary sequences by correlating with all cyclic shifts of the absolute of the base ternary sequence by the receiver if the receiver is a non-coherent receiver and detecting the transmitted data based on the cyclic shifts corresponding to maximum correlation values.